System.Data.SQLite

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#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DISKIO
#ifdef SQLITE_HAS_CODEC

#if _DEBUG
#include "splitsource\pager.c"
#endif

#include <windows.h>
#include <wincrypt.h>

// Extra padding before and after the cryptographic buffer
#define CRYPT_OFFSET 8

static LPCRYPTBLOCK CreateCryptBlock(HCRYPTKEY hKey, Pager *pager, LPCRYPTBLOCK pExisting)
{
  LPCRYPTBLOCK pBlock;

  if (!pExisting) // Creating a new cryptblock
  {
    pBlock = sqlite3_malloc(sizeof(CRYPTBLOCK));
    if (!pBlock) return NULL;

    ZeroMemory(pBlock, sizeof(CRYPTBLOCK));
    pBlock->hReadKey = hKey;
    pBlock->hWriteKey = hKey;
  }
  else // Updating an existing cryptblock
  {
    pBlock = pExisting;

    sqlite3_free(pBlock->pvCrypt);
    pBlock->pvCrypt = NULL;
  }

  // Figure out how big to make our spare crypt block
  CryptEncrypt(hKey, 0, TRUE, 0, NULL, &pBlock->dwCryptSize, pBlock->dwCryptSize * 2);
  pBlock->pvCrypt = sqlite3_malloc(pBlock->dwCryptSize + (CRYPT_OFFSET * 2));
  if (!pBlock->pvCrypt)
  {
    sqlite3_free(pBlock);
    return NULL;
  }

  return pBlock;
}

// Destroy a cryptographic context and any buffers and keys allocated therein
static void DestroyCryptBlock(LPCRYPTBLOCK pBlock)
{

  LPCRYPTBLOCK pBlock = (LPCRYPTBLOCK)sqlite3pager_get_codecarg(p);

  if (ppKey) *ppKey = 0;
  if (pnKeyLen && pBlock) *pnKeyLen = 1;
}

// We do not attach this key to the temp store, only the main database.
int sqlite3_key(sqlite3 *db, const void *pKey, int nKeySize)
{
  return sqlite3CodecAttach(db, 0, pKey, nKeySize);
}

// Changes the encryption key for an existing database.
int sqlite3_rekey(sqlite3 *db, const void *pKey, int nKeySize)
{
  Btree *pbt = db->aDb[0].pBt;
  Pager *p = sqlite3BtreePager(pbt);
  LPCRYPTBLOCK pBlock = (LPCRYPTBLOCK)sqlite3pager_get_codecarg(p);
  HCRYPTKEY hKey = DeriveKey(pKey, nKeySize);
  int rc = SQLITE_ERROR;

  if (hKey == MAXDWORD)
  {
    sqlite3Error(db, rc, SQLITECRYPTERROR_PROVIDER);
    return rc;
  }

  if (!pBlock && !hKey) return SQLITE_OK; // Wasn't encrypted to begin with

  // To rekey a database, we change the writekey for the pager.  The readkey remains
  // the same
  if (!pBlock) // Encrypt an unencrypted database
  {
    pBlock = CreateCryptBlock(hKey, p, NULL);
    if (!pBlock)
      return SQLITE_NOMEM;

    pBlock->hReadKey = 0; // Original database is not encrypted
    sqlite3PagerSetCodec(sqlite3BtreePager(pbt), sqlite3Codec, pBlock);
    db->aDb[0].pAux = pBlock;
    db->aDb[0].xFreeAux = DestroyCryptBlock;
  }
  else // Change the writekey for an already-encrypted database
  {

    db->aDb[0].xFreeAux = NULL;
    DestroyCryptBlock(pBlock);
  }

  return rc;
}











#endif // SQLITE_HAS_CODEC

#endif // SQLITE_OMIT_DISKIO

/*
This library will provide common mathematical and string functions in
SQL queries using the operating system math library.  It includes the
following functions:

Math: acos, asin, atan, atn2, atan2, acosh, asinh, atanh, difference,
degrees, radians, cos, sin, tan, cot, cosh, sinh, tanh, coth, exp,
log, log10, power, sign, sqrt, square, ceil, floor, pi.

String: replicate, charindex, leftstr, rightstr, ltrim, rtrim, trim,
replace, reverse, proper, padl, padr, padc, strfilter.

Aggregate: stdev, variance, mode, median, lower_quartile,
upper_quartile.

The string functions ltrim, rtrim, trim, replace are included in
recent versions of SQLite and so by default do not build.

Instructions:
1) Compile with
   Linux:
     gcc -fPIC -lm -shared extension-functions.c -o libsqlitefunctions.so
   Mac OS X:
     gcc -fno-common -dynamiclib extension-functions.c -o libsqlitefunctions.dylib
   (You may need to add flags
    -I /opt/local/include/ -L/opt/local/lib -lsqlite3
    if your sqlite3 is installed from Mac ports, or
    -I /sw/include/ -L/sw/lib -lsqlite3
    if installed with Fink.)
2) In your application, call sqlite3_enable_load_extension(db,1) to
   allow loading external libraries.  Then load the library libsqlitefunctions
   using sqlite3_load_extension; the third argument should be 0.
   See http://www.sqlite.org/cvstrac/wiki?p=LoadableExtensions.
3) Use, for example:
   SELECT cos(radians(inclination)) FROM satsum WHERE satnum = 25544;

Note: Loading extensions is by default prohibited as a
security measure; see "Security Considerations" in
http://www.sqlite.org/cvstrac/wiki?p=LoadableExtensions.
If the sqlite3 program and library are built this
way, you cannot use these functions from the program, you 
must write your own program using the sqlite3 API, and call
sqlite3_enable_load_extension as described above.

If the program is built so that loading extensions is permitted,
the following will work:
sqlite> SELECT load_extension('./libsqlitefunctions.so');
sqlite> select cos(radians(45));
0.707106781186548

Alterations:
The instructions are for Linux or Mac OS X; users of other OSes may
need to modify this procedure.  In particular, if your math library
lacks one or more of the needed trig or log functions, comment out the
appropriate HAVE_ #define at the top of file.  If you do not
wish to make a loadable module, comment out the define for
COMPILE_SQLITE_EXTENSIONS_AS_LOADABLE_MODULE.  If you are using a
version of SQLite without the trim functions and replace, comment out
the HAVE_TRIM #define.

Liam Healy

History:
2008-06-13 Change to instructions to indicate use of the math library
and that program might work.
2007-10-01 Minor clarification to instructions.
2007-09-29 Compilation as loadable module is optional with
COMPILE_SQLITE_EXTENSIONS_AS_LOADABLE_MODULE.
2007-09-28 Use sqlite3_extension_init and macros
SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT1, SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT2, so that it works with
sqlite3_load_extension.  Thanks to Eric Higashino and Joe Wilson.
New instructions for Mac compilation.
2007-09-17 With help from Joe Wilson and Nuno Luca, made use of
external interfaces so that compilation is no longer dependent on
SQLite source code.  Merged source, header, and README into a single
file.  Added casts so that Mac will compile without warnings (unsigned
and signed char).
2007-09-05 Included some definitions from sqlite 3.3.13 so that this
will continue to work in newer versions of sqlite.  Completed
description of functions available.
2007-03-27 Revised description.
2007-03-23 Small cleanup and a bug fix on the code.  This was mainly
letting errno flag errors encountered in the math library and checking
the result, rather than pre-checking.  This fixes a bug in power that
would cause an error if any non-positive number was raised to any
power.
2007-02-07 posted by Mikey C to sqlite mailing list.
Original code 2006 June 05 by relicoder.

*/

//#include "config.h"
#include <windows.h>

// #define COMPILE_SQLITE_EXTENSIONS_AS_LOADABLE_MODULE
//#define HAVE_ACOSH 1
//#define HAVE_ASINH 1
//#define HAVE_ATANH 1
#define HAVE_SINH 1
#define HAVE_COSH 1
#define HAVE_TANH 1
#define HAVE_LOG10 1
//#define HAVE_ISBLANK 1
#define SQLITE_SOUNDEX 1
#define HAVE_TRIM 1		/* LMH 2007-03-25 if sqlite has trim functions */

#ifdef COMPILE_SQLITE_EXTENSIONS_AS_LOADABLE_MODULE
#include "sqlite3ext.h"
SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT1
#else
#include "src/sqlite3.h"
#endif

#include <ctype.h>
/* relicoder */
#include <math.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>

#ifndef _WIN32_WCE
#include <errno.h>		/* LMH 2007-03-25 */
#else
int errno;
#define strerror(x) ""
#endif

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <assert.h>

#ifndef _MAP_H_
#define _MAP_H_

//#include <stdint.h>

typedef signed char int8_t;
typedef unsigned char uint8_t;
typedef signed int int16_t;
typedef unsigned int uint16_t;
typedef signed long int int32_t;
typedef unsigned long int uint32_t;
typedef signed long long int int64_t;
typedef unsigned long long int uint64_t;

/*
** Simple binary tree implementation to use in median, mode and quartile calculations
** Tree is not necessarily balanced. That would require something like red&black trees of AVL
*/

typedef int(*cmp_func)(const void *, const void *);
typedef void(*map_iterator)(void*, int64_t, void*);

typedef struct node{
  struct node *l;
  struct node *r;
  void* data;
  int64_t count;
} node;

typedef struct map{
  node *base;
  cmp_func cmp;
  short free;
} map;

/*
** creates a map given a comparison function
*/
map map_make(cmp_func cmp);

/*
** inserts the element e into map m
*/
void map_insert(map *m, void *e);

/*
** executes function iter over all elements in the map, in key increasing order
*/
void map_iterate(map *m, map_iterator iter, void* p);

/*
** frees all memory used by a map
*/
void map_destroy(map *m);

/*
** compares 2 integers
** to use with map_make
*/
int int_cmp(const void *a, const void *b);

/*
** compares 2 doubles
** to use with map_make
*/
int double_cmp(const void *a, const void *b);

#endif /* _MAP_H_ */

typedef uint8_t         u8;
//typedef uint16_t        u16;
typedef int64_t         i64;

static char *sqlite3StrDup( const char *z ) {
    char *res = sqlite3_malloc( strlen(z)+1 );
    return strcpy( res, z );
}

/*
** These are copied verbatim from fun.c so as to not have the names exported
*/

/* LMH from sqlite3 3.3.13 */
/*
** This table maps from the first byte of a UTF-8 character to the number
** of trailing bytes expected. A value '4' indicates that the table key
** is not a legal first byte for a UTF-8 character.
*/
static const u8 xtra_utf8_bytes[256]  = {
/* 0xxxxxxx */
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,     0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,     0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,     0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,     0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,     0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,     0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,     0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,     0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,

/* 10wwwwww */
4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,     4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,
4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,     4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,
4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,     4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,
4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,     4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,

/* 110yyyyy */
1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,     1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,     1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,

/* 1110zzzz */
2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,     2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,

/* 11110yyy */
3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3,     4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,
};


/*
** This table maps from the number of trailing bytes in a UTF-8 character
** to an integer constant that is effectively calculated for each character
** read by a naive implementation of a UTF-8 character reader. The code
** in the READ_UTF8 macro explains things best.
*/
static const int xtra_utf8_bits[] =  {
  0,
  12416,          /* (0xC0 << 6) + (0x80) */
  925824,         /* (0xE0 << 12) + (0x80 << 6) + (0x80) */
  63447168        /* (0xF0 << 18) + (0x80 << 12) + (0x80 << 6) + 0x80 */
};

/*
** If a UTF-8 character contains N bytes extra bytes (N bytes follow
** the initial byte so that the total character length is N+1) then
** masking the character with utf8_mask[N] must produce a non-zero
** result.  Otherwise, we have an (illegal) overlong encoding.
*/
static const int utf_mask[] = {
  0x00000000,
  0xffffff80,
  0xfffff800,
  0xffff0000,
};

/* LMH salvaged from sqlite3 3.3.13 source code src/utf.c */
#define OLD_READ_UTF8(zIn, c) { \
  int xtra;                                            \
  c = *(zIn)++;                                        \
  xtra = xtra_utf8_bytes[c];                           \
  switch( xtra ){                                      \
    case 4: c = (int)0xFFFD; break;                    \
    case 3: c = (c<<6) + *(zIn)++;                     \
    case 2: c = (c<<6) + *(zIn)++;                     \
    case 1: c = (c<<6) + *(zIn)++;                     \
    c -= xtra_utf8_bits[xtra];                         \
    if( (utf_mask[xtra]&c)==0                          \
        || (c&0xFFFFF800)==0xD800                      \
        || (c&0xFFFFFFFE)==0xFFFE ){  c = 0xFFFD; }    \
  }                                                    \
}

static int sqlite3ReadUtf8(const unsigned char *z){
  int c;
  OLD_READ_UTF8(z, c);
  return c;
}

#define SKIP_UTF8(zIn) {                               \
  zIn += (xtra_utf8_bytes[*(u8 *)zIn] + 1);            \
}

/*
** X is a pointer to the first byte of a UTF-8 character.  Increment
** X so that it points to the next character.  This only works right
** if X points to a well-formed UTF-8 string.
*/
#define sqliteNextChar(X)  while( (0xc0&*++(X))==0x80 ){}
#define sqliteCharVal(X)   sqlite3ReadUtf8(X)

/*
** This is a macro that facilitates writting wrappers for math.h functions
** it creates code for a function to use in SQlite that gets one numeric input
** and returns a floating point value.
**
** Could have been implemented using pointers to functions but this way it's inline
** and thus more efficient. Lower * ranking though...
** 
** Parameters:
** name:      function name to de defined (eg: sinFunc)
** function:  function defined in math.h to wrap (eg: sin)
** domain:    boolean condition that CAN'T happen in terms of the input parameter rVal
**            (eg: rval<0 for sqrt)
*/
/* LMH 2007-03-25 Changed to use errno and remove domain; no pre-checking for errors. */
#define GEN_MATH_WRAP_DOUBLE_1(name, function) \
static void name(sqlite3_context *context, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv){\
  double rVal = 0.0, val;\
  assert( argc==1 );\
  switch( sqlite3_value_type(argv[0]) ){\
    case SQLITE_NULL: {\
      sqlite3_result_null(context);\
      break;\
    }\
    default: {\
      rVal = sqlite3_value_double(argv[0]);\
      errno = 0;\
      val = function(rVal);\
      if (errno == 0) {\
        sqlite3_result_double(context, val);\
      } else {\
        sqlite3_result_error(context, strerror(errno), errno);\
      }\
      break;\
    }\
  }\
}\


/*
** Example of GEN_MATH_WRAP_DOUBLE_1 usage
** this creates function sqrtFunc to wrap the math.h standard function sqrt(x)=x^0.5
*/
GEN_MATH_WRAP_DOUBLE_1(sqrtFunc, sqrt)

/* trignometric functions */
GEN_MATH_WRAP_DOUBLE_1(acosFunc, acos)
GEN_MATH_WRAP_DOUBLE_1(asinFunc, asin)
GEN_MATH_WRAP_DOUBLE_1(atanFunc, atan)

/*
** Many of systems don't have inverse hyperbolic trig functions so this will emulate
** them on those systems in terms of log and sqrt (formulas are too trivial to demand 
** written proof here)
*/

#ifndef HAVE_ACOSH
static double acosh(double x){
  return log(x + sqrt(x*x - 1.0));
}
#endif

GEN_MATH_WRAP_DOUBLE_1(acoshFunc, acosh)

#ifndef HAVE_ASINH
static double asinh(double x){
  return log(x + sqrt(x*x + 1.0));
}
#endif

GEN_MATH_WRAP_DOUBLE_1(asinhFunc, asinh)

#ifndef HAVE_ATANH
static double atanh(double x){
  return (1.0/2.0)*log((1+x)/(1-x)) ;
}
#endif

GEN_MATH_WRAP_DOUBLE_1(atanhFunc, atanh)

/*
** math.h doesn't require cot (cotangent) so it's defined here
*/
static double cot(double x){
  return 1.0/tan(x);
}

GEN_MATH_WRAP_DOUBLE_1(sinFunc, sin)
GEN_MATH_WRAP_DOUBLE_1(cosFunc, cos)
GEN_MATH_WRAP_DOUBLE_1(tanFunc, tan)
GEN_MATH_WRAP_DOUBLE_1(cotFunc, cot)

static double coth(double x){
  return 1.0/tanh(x);
}

/*
** Many systems don't have hyperbolic trigonometric functions so this will emulate
** them on those systems directly from the definition in terms of exp
*/
#ifndef HAVE_SINH
static double sinh(double x){
  return (exp(x)-exp(-x))/2.0;
}
#endif

GEN_MATH_WRAP_DOUBLE_1(sinhFunc, sinh)

#ifndef HAVE_COSH
static double cosh(double x){
  return (exp(x)+exp(-x))/2.0;
}
#endif

GEN_MATH_WRAP_DOUBLE_1(coshFunc, cosh)

#ifndef HAVE_TANH
static double tanh(double x){
  return sinh(x)/cosh(x);
}
#endif

GEN_MATH_WRAP_DOUBLE_1(tanhFunc, tanh)

GEN_MATH_WRAP_DOUBLE_1(cothFunc, coth)

/*
** Some systems lack log in base 10. This will emulate it
*/

#ifndef HAVE_LOG10
static double log10(double x){
  static double l10 = -1.0;
  if( l10<0.0 ){
    l10 = log(10.0);
  }
  return log(x)/l10;
}
#endif

GEN_MATH_WRAP_DOUBLE_1(logFunc, log)
GEN_MATH_WRAP_DOUBLE_1(log10Func, log10)
GEN_MATH_WRAP_DOUBLE_1(expFunc, exp)

/*
** Fallback for systems where math.h doesn't define M_PI
*/
#undef M_PI
#ifndef M_PI
/*
** static double PI = acos(-1.0);
** #define M_PI (PI)
*/
#define M_PI 3.14159265358979323846
#endif

/* Convert Degrees into Radians */
static double deg2rad(double x){
  return x*M_PI/180.0;
}

/* Convert Radians into Degrees */
static double rad2deg(double x){
  return 180.0*x/M_PI;
}

GEN_MATH_WRAP_DOUBLE_1(rad2degFunc, rad2deg)
GEN_MATH_WRAP_DOUBLE_1(deg2radFunc, deg2rad)

/* constant function that returns the value of PI=3.1415... */
static void piFunc(sqlite3_context *context, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv){
  sqlite3_result_double(context, M_PI);
}

/*
** Implements the sqrt function, it has the peculiarity of returning an integer when the
** the argument is an integer.
** Since SQLite isn't strongly typed (almost untyped actually) this is a bit pedantic
*/
static void squareFunc(sqlite3_context *context, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv){
  i64 iVal = 0;
  double rVal = 0.0;
  assert( argc==2 );
  switch( sqlite3_value_type(argv[0]) ){
    case SQLITE_INTEGER: {
      iVal = sqlite3_value_int64(argv[0]);
      sqlite3_result_int64(context, iVal*iVal);
      break;
    }
    case SQLITE_NULL: {
      sqlite3_result_null(context);
      break;
    }
    default: {
      rVal = sqlite3_value_double(argv[0]);
      sqlite3_result_double(context, rVal*rVal);
      break;
    }
  }
}

/*
** Wraps the pow math.h function
** When both the base and the exponent are integers the result should be integer
** (see sqrt just before this). Here the result is always double
*/
/* LMH 2007-03-25 Changed to use errno; no pre-checking for errors.  Also removes
  but that was present in the pre-checking that called sqlite3_result_error on 
  a non-positive first argument, which is not always an error. */
static void powerFunc(sqlite3_context *context, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv){
  double r1 = 0.0;
  double r2 = 0.0;
  double val;

  assert( argc==2 );
  
  if( sqlite3_value_type(argv[0]) == SQLITE_NULL || sqlite3_value_type(argv[1]) == SQLITE_NULL ){
    sqlite3_result_null(context); 
  }else{
    r1 = sqlite3_value_double(argv[0]);
    r2 = sqlite3_value_double(argv[1]);
    errno = 0;
    val = pow(r1,r2);
    if (errno == 0) {
      sqlite3_result_double(context, val);
    } else {  
      sqlite3_result_error(context, strerror(errno), errno);
    }  
  }
}

/*
** atan2 wrapper
*/
static void atn2Func(sqlite3_context *context, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv){
  double r1 = 0.0;
  double r2 = 0.0;

  assert( argc==2 );
  
  if( sqlite3_value_type(argv[0]) == SQLITE_NULL || sqlite3_value_type(argv[1]) == SQLITE_NULL ){
    sqlite3_result_null(context); 
  }else{
    r1 = sqlite3_value_double(argv[0]);
    r2 = sqlite3_value_double(argv[1]);
    sqlite3_result_double(context, atan2(r1,r2));
  }
}

/*
** Implementation of the sign() function
** return one of 3 possibilities +1,0 or -1 when the argument is respectively
** positive, 0 or negative.
** When the argument is NULL the result is also NULL (completly conventional)
*/
static void signFunc(sqlite3_context *context, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv){
  double rVal=0.0;
  i64 iVal=0;
  assert( argc==1 );
  switch( sqlite3_value_type(argv[0]) ){
    case SQLITE_INTEGER: {
      iVal = sqlite3_value_int64(argv[0]);
      iVal = ( iVal > 0) ? 1: ( iVal < 0 ) ? -1: 0;
      sqlite3_result_int64(context, iVal);
      break;
    }
    case SQLITE_NULL: {
      sqlite3_result_null(context);
      break;
    }
    default: {
 /* 2nd change below. Line for abs was: if( rVal<0 ) rVal = rVal * -1.0;  */

      rVal = sqlite3_value_double(argv[0]);
      rVal = ( rVal > 0) ? 1: ( rVal < 0 ) ? -1: 0;
      sqlite3_result_double(context, rVal);
      break;
    }
  }
}


/*
** smallest integer value not less than argument
*/
static void ceilFunc(sqlite3_context *context, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv){
  double rVal=0.0;
  i64 iVal=0;
  assert( argc==1 );
  switch( sqlite3_value_type(argv[0]) ){
    case SQLITE_INTEGER: {
      i64 iVal = sqlite3_value_int64(argv[0]);
      sqlite3_result_int64(context, iVal);
      break;
    }
    case SQLITE_NULL: {
      sqlite3_result_null(context);
      break;
    }
    default: {
      rVal = sqlite3_value_double(argv[0]);
      sqlite3_result_int64(context, (i64) ceil(rVal));
      break;
    }
  }
}

/*
** largest integer value not greater than argument
*/
static void floorFunc(sqlite3_context *context, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv){
  double rVal=0.0;
  i64 iVal=0;
  assert( argc==1 );
  switch( sqlite3_value_type(argv[0]) ){
    case SQLITE_INTEGER: {
      i64 iVal = sqlite3_value_int64(argv[0]);
      sqlite3_result_int64(context, iVal);
      break;
    }
    case SQLITE_NULL: {
      sqlite3_result_null(context);
      break;
    }
    default: {
      rVal = sqlite3_value_double(argv[0]);
      sqlite3_result_int64(context, (i64) floor(rVal));
      break;
    }
  }
}

/*
** Given a string (s) in the first argument and an integer (n) in the second returns the 
** string that constains s contatenated n times
*/
static void replicateFunc(sqlite3_context *context, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv){
  unsigned char *z;        /* input string */
  unsigned char *zo;       /* result string */
  i64 iCount;              /* times to repeat */
  i64 nLen;                /* length of the input string (no multibyte considerations) */ 
  i64 nTLen;               /* length of the result string (no multibyte considerations) */
  i64 i=0;

  if( argc!=2 || SQLITE_NULL==sqlite3_value_type(argv[0]) )
    return;

  iCount = sqlite3_value_int64(argv[1]);

  if( iCount<0 ){
    sqlite3_result_error(context, "domain error", -1);
  }else{

    nLen  = sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[0]);
    nTLen = nLen*iCount;
    z=sqlite3_malloc(nTLen+1);
    zo=sqlite3_malloc(nLen+1);
    if (!z || !zo){
      sqlite3_result_error_nomem(context);
      if (z) sqlite3_free(z);
      if (zo) sqlite3_free(zo);
      return;
    }
    strcpy((char*)zo, (char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]));

    for(i=0; i<iCount; ++i){
      strcpy((char*)(z+i*nLen), (char*)zo);
    }

    sqlite3_result_text(context, (char*)z, -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
    sqlite3_free(z);
    sqlite3_free(zo);
  }
}

/* 
** Some systems (win32 among others) don't have an isblank function, this will emulate it.
** This function is not UFT-8 safe since it only analyses a byte character.
*/
#ifndef HAVE_ISBLANK
int isblank(char c){
  return( ' '==c || '\t'==c );
}
#endif

static void properFunc(sqlite3_context *context, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv){
  const unsigned char *z;     /* input string */
  unsigned char *zo;          /* output string */
  unsigned char *zt;          /* iterator */
  char r;
  int c=1;

  assert( argc!=1);
  if( SQLITE_NULL==sqlite3_value_type(argv[0]) ){
    sqlite3_result_null(context);
    return;
  }

  z = sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
  zo = (unsigned char *)sqlite3StrDup((char *) z);
  if (!zo) {
    sqlite3_result_error_nomem(context);
    return;
  }
  zt = zo;

  while( (r = *(z++))!=0 ){
    if( isblank(r) ){
      c=1;
    }else{
      if( c==1 ){
        r = toupper(r);
      }else{
        r = tolower(r);
      }
      c=0;
    }
    *(zt++) = r;
  }
  *zt = '\0';

  sqlite3_result_text(context, (char*)zo, -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
  sqlite3_free(zo);
}

/*
** given an input string (s) and an integer (n) adds spaces at the begining of  s
** until it has a length of n characters.
** When s has a length >=n it's a NOP
** padl(NULL) = NULL
*/
static void padlFunc(sqlite3_context *context, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv){
  i64 ilen;          /* length to pad to */
  i64 zl;            /* length of the input string (UTF-8 chars) */
  int i = 0;
  const char *zi;    /* input string */
  char *zo;          /* output string */
  char *zt;

  assert( argc==2 );
  
  if( sqlite3_value_type(argv[0]) == SQLITE_NULL ){
    sqlite3_result_null(context); 
  }else{
    zi = (char *)sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
    ilen = sqlite3_value_int64(argv[1]);
    /* check domain */
    if(ilen<0){
      sqlite3_result_error(context, "domain error", -1);
      return;
    }
    zl = sqlite3Utf8CharLen(zi, -1);
    if( zl>=ilen ){
      /* string is longer than the requested pad length, return the same string (dup it) */
      zo = sqlite3StrDup(zi);
      if (!zo){
        sqlite3_result_error_nomem(context);
        return;
      }
      sqlite3_result_text(context, zo, -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
    }else{
      zo = sqlite3_malloc(strlen(zi)+ilen-zl+1);
      if (!zo){
        sqlite3_result_error_nomem(context);
        return;
      }
      zt = zo;
      for(i=1; i+zl<=ilen; ++i){
        *(zt++)=' ';
      }
      /* no need to take UTF-8 into consideration here */
      strcpy(zt,zi);
    }
    sqlite3_result_text(context, zo, -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
    sqlite3_free(zo);
  }
}

/*
** given an input string (s) and an integer (n) appends spaces at the end of  s
** until it has a length of n characters.
** When s has a length >=n it's a NOP
** padl(NULL) = NULL
*/
static void padrFunc(sqlite3_context *context, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv){
  i64 ilen;          /* length to pad to */
  i64 zl;            /* length of the input string (UTF-8 chars) */
  i64 zll;           /* length of the input string (bytes) */
  int i = 0;
  const char *zi;    /* input string */
  char *zo;          /* output string */
  char *zt;

  assert( argc==2 );
  
  if( sqlite3_value_type(argv[0]) == SQLITE_NULL ){
    sqlite3_result_null(context); 
  }else{
    zi = (char *)sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
    ilen = sqlite3_value_int64(argv[1]);
    /* check domain */
    if(ilen<0){
      sqlite3_result_error(context, "domain error", -1);
      return;
    }
    zl = sqlite3Utf8CharLen(zi, -1);
    if( zl>=ilen ){
      /* string is longer than the requested pad length, return the same string (dup it) */
      zo = sqlite3StrDup(zi);
      if (!zo){
        sqlite3_result_error_nomem(context);
        return;
      }
      sqlite3_result_text(context, zo, -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
    }else{
      zll = strlen(zi);
      zo = sqlite3_malloc(zll+ilen-zl+1);
      if (!zo){
        sqlite3_result_error_nomem(context);
        return;
      }
      zt = strcpy(zo,zi)+zll;
      for(i=1; i+zl<=ilen; ++i){
        *(zt++) = ' ';
      }
      *zt = '\0';
    }
    sqlite3_result_text(context, zo, -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
    sqlite3_free(zo);
  }
}

/*
** given an input string (s) and an integer (n) appends spaces at the end of  s
** and adds spaces at the begining of s until it has a length of n characters.
** Tries to add has many characters at the left as at the right.
** When s has a length >=n it's a NOP
** padl(NULL) = NULL
*/
static void padcFunc(sqlite3_context *context, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv){
  i64 ilen;           /* length to pad to */
  i64 zl;             /* length of the input string (UTF-8 chars) */
  i64 zll;            /* length of the input string (bytes) */
  int i = 0;
  const char *zi;     /* input string */
  char *zo;           /* output string */
  char *zt;

  assert( argc==2 );
  
  if( sqlite3_value_type(argv[0]) == SQLITE_NULL ){
    sqlite3_result_null(context); 
  }else{
    zi = (char *)sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
    ilen = sqlite3_value_int64(argv[1]);
    /* check domain */
    if(ilen<0){
      sqlite3_result_error(context, "domain error", -1);
      return;
    }
    zl = sqlite3Utf8CharLen(zi, -1);
    if( zl>=ilen ){
      /* string is longer than the requested pad length, return the same string (dup it) */
      zo = sqlite3StrDup(zi);
      if (!zo){
        sqlite3_result_error_nomem(context);
        return;
      }
      sqlite3_result_text(context, zo, -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
    }else{
      zll = strlen(zi);
      zo = sqlite3_malloc(zll+ilen-zl+1);
      if (!zo){
        sqlite3_result_error_nomem(context);
        return;
      }
      zt = zo;
      for(i=1; 2*i+zl<=ilen; ++i){
        *(zt++) = ' ';
      }
      strcpy(zt, zi);
      zt+=zll;
      for(; i+zl<=ilen; ++i){
        *(zt++) = ' ';
      }
      *zt = '\0';
    }
    sqlite3_result_text(context, zo, -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
    sqlite3_free(zo);
  }
}

/*
** given 2 string (s1,s2) returns the string s1 with the characters NOT in s2 removed
** assumes strings are UTF-8 encoded
*/
static void strfilterFunc(sqlite3_context *context, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv){
  const char *zi1;        /* first parameter string (searched string) */
  const char *zi2;        /* second parameter string (vcontains valid characters) */
  const char *z1;
  const char *z21;
  const char *z22;
  char *zo;               /* output string */
  char *zot;
  int c1 = 0;
  int c2 = 0;

  assert( argc==2 );
  
  if( sqlite3_value_type(argv[0]) == SQLITE_NULL || sqlite3_value_type(argv[1]) == SQLITE_NULL ){
    sqlite3_result_null(context); 
  }else{
    zi1 = (char *)sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
    zi2 = (char *)sqlite3_value_text(argv[1]);
    /* 
    ** maybe I could allocate less, but that would imply 2 passes, rather waste 
    ** (possibly) some memory
    */
    zo = sqlite3_malloc(strlen(zi1)+1); 
    if (!zo){
      sqlite3_result_error_nomem(context);
      return;
    }
    zot = zo;
    z1 = zi1;
    while( (c1=sqliteCharVal((unsigned char *)z1))!=0 ){
      z21=zi2;
      while( (c2=sqliteCharVal((unsigned char *)z21))!=0 && c2!=c1 ){
        sqliteNextChar(z21);
      }
      if( c2!=0){
        z22=z21;
        sqliteNextChar(z22);
        strncpy(zot, z21, z22-z21);
        zot+=z22-z21;
      }
      sqliteNextChar(z1);
    }
    *zot = '\0';

    sqlite3_result_text(context, zo, -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
    sqlite3_free(zo);
  }
}

/*
** Given a string z1, retutns the (0 based) index of it's first occurence
** in z2 after the first s characters.
** Returns -1 when there isn't a match.
** updates p to point to the character where the match occured.
** This is an auxiliary function.
*/
static int _substr(const char* z1, const char* z2, int s, CollSeq *pColl, const char** p){
  int c = 0;
  int rVal=-1;
  const char* zt1;
  const char* zt2;
  int c1,c2;

  if( '\0'==*z1 ){
    return -1;
  }
  
  while( (sqliteCharVal((unsigned char *)z2) != 0) && (c++)<s){
    sqliteNextChar(z2);
  }
  
  c = 0;
  while( (sqliteCharVal((unsigned char *)z2)) != 0 ){
    zt1 = z1;
    zt2 = z2;

    do{
      c1 = sqliteCharVal((unsigned char *)zt1);
      c2 = sqliteCharVal((unsigned char *)zt2);
      if (pColl->enc == SQLITE_UTF8){
        if (pColl->xCmp(pColl->pUser, 1, zt1, 1, zt2) == 0) {
          c1 = c2;
        }
        else {
          c1 = (c1) ? 1 : 0;
          c2 = (c2) ? 2 : 0;
        }
      }
      // TODO:  Maybe try and convert the chars to UTF16 and run them thru the collating sequence?
      sqliteNextChar(zt1);
      sqliteNextChar(zt2);
    }while( c1 == c2 && c1 != 0 && c2 != 0 );

    if( c1 == 0 ){
      rVal = c;
      break; 
    }
    
    sqliteNextChar(z2);
    ++c;
  }
  if(p){
    *p=z2;
  }
  return rVal >=0 ? rVal+s : rVal;
}

/*
** given 2 input strings (s1,s2) and an integer (n) searches from the nth character
** for the string s1. Returns the position where the match occured.
** Characters are counted from 1.
** 0 is returned when no match occurs.
*/

static void charindexFunc(sqlite3_context *context, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv){
  const u8 *z1;          /* s1 string */
  u8 *z2;                /* s2 string */
  int s=0;
  int rVal=0;
  CollSeq *pColl = context->pColl;

  assert( argc==3 ||argc==2);

  if( SQLITE_NULL==sqlite3_value_type(argv[0]) || SQLITE_NULL==sqlite3_value_type(argv[1])){
    sqlite3_result_null(context);
    return;
  }

  z1 = sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
  if( z1==0 ) return;
  z2 = (u8*) sqlite3_value_text(argv[1]);
  if(argc==3){
    s = sqlite3_value_int(argv[2])-1;
    if(s<0){
      s=0;
    }
  }else{
    s = 0;
  }

  rVal = _substr((char *)z1,(char *)z2,s,pColl,NULL);
  sqlite3_result_int(context, rVal+1);
}

/*
** given a string (s) and an integer (n) returns the n leftmost (UTF-8) characters
** if the string has a length<=n or is NULL this function is NOP
*/
static void leftFunc(sqlite3_context *context, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv){
  int c=0;
  int cc=0;
  int l=0;
  const unsigned char *z;       /* input string */
  const unsigned char *zt;
  unsigned char *rz;            /* output string */

  assert( argc==2);

  if( SQLITE_NULL==sqlite3_value_type(argv[0]) || SQLITE_NULL==sqlite3_value_type(argv[1])){
    sqlite3_result_null(context);
    return;
  }

  z  = sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
  l  = sqlite3_value_int(argv[1]);
  zt = z;

  while( sqliteCharVal(zt) && c++<l)
    sqliteNextChar(zt);

  cc=zt-z;

  rz = sqlite3_malloc(zt-z+1);
  if (!rz){
    sqlite3_result_error_nomem(context);
    return;
  }
  strncpy((char*) rz, (char*) z, zt-z);
  *(rz+cc) = '\0';
  sqlite3_result_text(context, (char*)rz, -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT); 
  sqlite3_free(rz);
}

/*
** given a string (s) and an integer (n) returns the n rightmost (UTF-8) characters
** if the string has a length<=n or is NULL this function is NOP
*/
static void rightFunc(sqlite3_context *context, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv){
  int l=0;
  int c=0;
  int cc=0;
  const char *z;
  const char *zt;
  const char *ze;
  char *rz;

  assert( argc==2);

  if( SQLITE_NULL == sqlite3_value_type(argv[0]) || SQLITE_NULL == sqlite3_value_type(argv[1])){
    sqlite3_result_null(context);
    return;
  }

  z  = (char *)sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
  l  = sqlite3_value_int(argv[1]);
  zt = z;

  while( sqliteCharVal((unsigned char *)zt)!=0){
    sqliteNextChar(zt);
    ++c;
  }

  ze = zt;
  zt = z;

  cc=c-l;
  if(cc<0)
    cc=0;
  
  while( cc-- > 0 ){
    sqliteNextChar(zt);
  }

  rz = sqlite3_malloc(ze-zt+1);
  if (!rz){
    sqlite3_result_error_nomem(context);
    return;
  }
  strcpy((char*) rz, (char*) (zt));
  sqlite3_result_text(context, (char*)rz, -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT); 
  sqlite3_free(rz);
}

#ifndef HAVE_TRIM
/*
** removes the whitespaces at the begining of a string.
*/
const char* ltrim(const char* s){
  while( *s==' ' )
    ++s;
  return s;
}

/*
** removes the whitespaces at the end of a string.
** !mutates the input string!
*/
void rtrim(char* s){
  char* ss = s+strlen(s)-1;
  while( ss>=s && *ss==' ' )
    --ss;
  *(ss+1)='\0';
}

/*
**  Removes the whitespace at the begining of a string
*/
static void ltrimFunc(sqlite3_context *context, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv){
  const char *z;

  assert( argc==1);

  if( SQLITE_NULL==sqlite3_value_type(argv[0]) ){
    sqlite3_result_null(context);
    return;
  }
  z = sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
  sqlite3_result_text(context, ltrim(z), -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT); 
}

/*
**  Removes the whitespace at the end of a string
*/
static void rtrimFunc(sqlite3_context *context, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv){
  const char *z;
  char *rz;
  /* try not to change data in argv */

  assert( argc==1);

  if( SQLITE_NULL==sqlite3_value_type(argv[0]) ){
    sqlite3_result_null(context);
    return;
  }
  z = sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
  rz = sqlite3StrDup(z);
  rtrim(rz);
  sqlite3_result_text(context, rz, -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
  sqlite3_free(rz);
}

/*
**  Removes the whitespace at the begining and end of a string
*/
static void trimFunc(sqlite3_context *context, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv){
  const char *z;
  char *rz;
  /* try not to change data in argv */

  assert( argc==1);

  if( SQLITE_NULL==sqlite3_value_type(argv[0]) ){
    sqlite3_result_null(context);
    return;
  }
  z = sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
  rz = sqlite3StrDup(z);
  rtrim(rz);
  sqlite3_result_text(context, ltrim(rz), -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
  sqlite3_free(rz);
}
#endif

/*
** given a pointer to a string s1, the length of that string (l1), a new string (s2)
** and it's length (l2) appends s2 to s1.
** All lengths in bytes.
** This is just an auxiliary function
*/
// static void _append(char **s1, int l1, const char *s2, int l2){
//   *s1 = realloc(*s1, (l1+l2+1)*sizeof(char));
//   strncpy((*s1)+l1, s2, l2);
//   *(*(s1)+l1+l2) = '\0';
// }

#ifndef HAVE_TRIM

/*
** given strings s, s1 and s2 replaces occurrences of s1 in s by s2
*/
static void replaceFunc(sqlite3_context *context, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv){
  const char *z1;     /* string s (first parameter) */
  const char *z2;     /* string s1 (second parameter) string to look for */
  const char *z3;     /* string s2 (third parameter) string to replace occurrences of s1 with */
  int lz1;
  int lz2;
  int lz3;
  int lzo=0;
  char *zo=0;
  int ret=0;
  const char *zt1;
  const char *zt2;

  assert( 3==argc );

  if( SQLITE_NULL==sqlite3_value_type(argv[0]) ){
    sqlite3_result_null(context);
    return;
  }

  z1 = sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
  z2 = sqlite3_value_text(argv[1]);
  z3 = sqlite3_value_text(argv[2]);
  /* handle possible null values */
  if( 0==z2 ){
    z2="";
  }
  if( 0==z3 ){
    z3="";
  }

  lz1 = strlen(z1);
  lz2 = strlen(z2);
  lz3 = strlen(z3);

#if 0
  /* special case when z2 is empty (or null) nothing will be changed */
  if( 0==lz2 ){
    sqlite3_result_text(context, z1, -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
    return;
  }
#endif

  zt1=z1;
  zt2=z1;

  while(1){
    ret=_substr(z2,zt1 , 0, &zt2);

    if( ret<0 )
      break;

    _append(&zo, lzo, zt1, zt2-zt1);
    lzo+=zt2-zt1;
    _append(&zo, lzo, z3, lz3);
    lzo+=lz3;

    zt1=zt2+lz2;
  }
  _append(&zo, lzo, zt1, lz1-(zt1-z1));
  sqlite3_result_text(context, zo, -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
  sqlite3_free(zo);
}
#endif

/*
** given a string returns the same string but with the characters in reverse order
*/
static void reverseFunc(sqlite3_context *context, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv){
  const char *z;
  const char *zt;
  char *rz;
  char *rzt;
  int l = 0;
  int i = 0;

  assert( 1==argc );

  if( SQLITE_NULL==sqlite3_value_type(argv[0]) ){
    sqlite3_result_null(context);
    return;
  }
  z = (char *)sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
  l = strlen(z);
  rz = sqlite3_malloc(l+1);
  if (!rz){
    sqlite3_result_error_nomem(context);
    return;
  }
  rzt = rz+l;
  *(rzt--) = '\0';

  zt=z;
  while( sqliteCharVal((unsigned char *)zt)!=0 ){
    z=zt;
    sqliteNextChar(zt);
    for(i=1; zt-i>=z; ++i){
      *(rzt--)=*(zt-i);
    }
  }

  sqlite3_result_text(context, rz, -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
  sqlite3_free(rz);
}

/*
** An instance of the following structure holds the context of a
** stdev() or variance() aggregate computation.
** implementaion of http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms_for_calculating_variance#Algorithm_II
** less prone to rounding errors
*/
typedef struct StdevCtx StdevCtx;
struct StdevCtx {
  double rM;
  double rS;
  i64 cnt;          /* number of elements */
};

/*
** An instance of the following structure holds the context of a
** mode() or median() aggregate computation.
** Depends on structures defined in map.c (see map & map)
** These aggregate functions only work for integers and floats although
** they could be made to work for strings. This is usually considered meaningless.
** Only usuall order (for median), no use of collation functions (would this even make sense?)
*/
typedef struct ModeCtx ModeCtx;
struct ModeCtx {
  i64 riM;            /* integer value found so far */
  double rdM;         /* double value found so far */
  i64 cnt;            /* number of elements so far */
  double pcnt;        /* number of elements smaller than a percentile */
  i64 mcnt;           /* maximum number of occurrences (for mode) */
  i64 mn;             /* number of occurrences (for mode and percentiles) */
  i64 is_double;      /* whether the computation is being done for doubles (>0) or integers (=0) */
  map* m;             /* map structure used for the computation */
  int done;           /* whether the answer has been found */
};

/*
** called for each value received during a calculation of stdev or variance
*/
static void varianceStep(sqlite3_context *context, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv){
  StdevCtx *p;

  double delta;
  double x;

  assert( argc==1 );
  p = sqlite3_aggregate_context(context, sizeof(*p));
  /* only consider non-null values */
  if( SQLITE_NULL != sqlite3_value_numeric_type(argv[0]) ){
    p->cnt++;
    x = sqlite3_value_double(argv[0]);
    delta = (x-p->rM);
    p->rM += delta/p->cnt;
    p->rS += delta*(x-p->rM);
  }
}

/*
** called for each value received during a calculation of mode of median
*/
static void modeStep(sqlite3_context *context, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv){
  ModeCtx *p;
  i64 xi=0;
  double xd=0.0;
  i64 *iptr;
  double *dptr;
  int type;

  assert( argc==1 );
  type = sqlite3_value_numeric_type(argv[0]);

  if( type == SQLITE_NULL)
    return;
  
  p = sqlite3_aggregate_context(context, sizeof(*p));

  if( 0==(p->m) ){
    p->m = calloc(1, sizeof(map));
    if( type==SQLITE_INTEGER ){
      /* map will be used for integers */
      *(p->m) = map_make(int_cmp);
      p->is_double = 0;
    }else{
      p->is_double = 1;
      /* map will be used for doubles */
      *(p->m) = map_make(double_cmp);
    }
  }

  ++(p->cnt);

  if( 0==p->is_double ){
    xi = sqlite3_value_int64(argv[0]);
    iptr = (i64*)calloc(1,sizeof(i64));
    *iptr = xi;
    map_insert(p->m, iptr);
  }else{
    xd = sqlite3_value_double(argv[0]);
    dptr = (double*)calloc(1,sizeof(double));
    *dptr = xd;
    map_insert(p->m, dptr);
  }
}

/*
**  Auxiliary function that iterates all elements in a map and finds the mode
**  (most frequent value)
*/
static void modeIterate(void* e, i64 c, void* pp){
  i64 ei;
  double ed;
  ModeCtx *p = (ModeCtx*)pp;
  
  if( 0==p->is_double ){
    ei = *(int*)(e);

	if( p->mcnt==c ){
      ++p->mn;
    }else if( p->mcnt<c ){
      p->riM = ei;
      p->mcnt = c;
	  p->mn=1;
    }
  }else{
    ed = *(double*)(e);

	if( p->mcnt==c ){
      ++p->mn;
    }else if(p->mcnt<c){
      p->rdM = ed;
      p->mcnt = c;
	  p->mn=1;
    }
  }
}

/*
**  Auxiliary function that iterates all elements in a map and finds the median
**  (the value such that the number of elements smaller is equal the the number of 
**  elements larger)
*/
static void medianIterate(void* e, i64 c, void* pp){
  i64 ei;
  double ed;
  double iL;
  double iR;
  int il;
  int ir;
  ModeCtx *p = (ModeCtx*)pp;

  if(p->done>0)
    return;

  iL = p->pcnt;
  iR = p->cnt - p->pcnt;
  il = p->mcnt + c;
  ir = p->cnt - p->mcnt;

  if( il >= iL ){
    if( ir >= iR ){
    ++p->mn;
      if( 0==p->is_double ){
        ei = *(int*)(e);
        p->riM += ei;
      }else{
        ed = *(double*)(e);
        p->rdM += ed;
      }
    }else{
      p->done=1;
    }
  }
  p->mcnt+=c;
}

/*
** Returns the mode value
*/
static void modeFinalize(sqlite3_context *context){
  ModeCtx *p;
  p = sqlite3_aggregate_context(context, 0);
  if( p && p->m ){
    map_iterate(p->m, modeIterate, p);
    map_destroy(p->m);
    free(p->m);

    if( 1==p->mn ){
      if( 0==p->is_double )
        sqlite3_result_int64(context, p->riM);
      else
        sqlite3_result_double(context, p->rdM);
    }
  }
}

/*
** auxiliary function for percentiles
*/
static void _medianFinalize(sqlite3_context *context){
  ModeCtx *p;
  p = (ModeCtx*) sqlite3_aggregate_context(context, 0);
  if( p && p->m ){
    p->done=0;
    map_iterate(p->m, medianIterate, p);
    map_destroy(p->m);
    free(p->m);

    if( 0==p->is_double )
      if( 1==p->mn )
      	sqlite3_result_int64(context, p->riM);
      else
      	sqlite3_result_double(context, p->riM*1.0/p->mn);
    else
      sqlite3_result_double(context, p->rdM/p->mn);
  }
}

/*
** Returns the median value
*/
static void medianFinalize(sqlite3_context *context){
  ModeCtx *p;
  p = (ModeCtx*) sqlite3_aggregate_context(context, 0);
  if( p!=0 ){
    p->pcnt = (p->cnt)/2.0;
    _medianFinalize(context);
  }
}

/*
** Returns the lower_quartile value
*/
static void lower_quartileFinalize(sqlite3_context *context){
  ModeCtx *p;
  p = (ModeCtx*) sqlite3_aggregate_context(context, 0);
  if( p!=0 ){
    p->pcnt = (p->cnt)/4.0;
    _medianFinalize(context);
  }
}

/*
** Returns the upper_quartile value
*/
static void upper_quartileFinalize(sqlite3_context *context){
  ModeCtx *p;
  p = (ModeCtx*) sqlite3_aggregate_context(context, 0);
  if( p!=0 ){
    p->pcnt = (p->cnt)*3/4.0;
    _medianFinalize(context);
  }
}

/*
** Returns the stdev value
*/
static void stdevFinalize(sqlite3_context *context){
  StdevCtx *p;
  p = sqlite3_aggregate_context(context, 0);
  if( p && p->cnt>1 ){
    sqlite3_result_double(context, sqrt(p->rS/(p->cnt-1)));
  }else{
    sqlite3_result_double(context, 0.0);
  }
}

/*
** Returns the variance value
*/
static void varianceFinalize(sqlite3_context *context){
  StdevCtx *p;
  p = sqlite3_aggregate_context(context, 0);
  if( p && p->cnt>1 ){
    sqlite3_result_double(context, p->rS/(p->cnt-1));
  }else{
    sqlite3_result_double(context, 0.0);
  }
}

#ifdef SQLITE_SOUNDEX

/* relicoder factored code */
/*
** Calculates the soundex value of a string
*/

static void soundex(const u8 *zIn, char *zResult){
  int i, j;
  static const unsigned char iCode[] = {
    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
    0, 0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 1, 2, 0, 0, 2, 2, 4, 5, 5, 0,
    1, 2, 6, 2, 3, 0, 1, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
    0, 0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 1, 2, 0, 0, 2, 2, 4, 5, 5, 0,
    1, 2, 6, 2, 3, 0, 1, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
  };

  for(i=0; zIn[i] && !isalpha(zIn[i]); i++){}
  if( zIn[i] ){
    zResult[0] = toupper(zIn[i]);
    for(j=1; j<4 && zIn[i]; i++){
      int code = iCode[zIn[i]&0x7f];
      if( code>0 ){
        zResult[j++] = code + '0';
      }
    }
    while( j<4 ){
      zResult[j++] = '0';
    }
    zResult[j] = 0;
  }else{
    strcpy(zResult, "?000");
  }
}

/*
** computes the number of different characters between the soundex value fo 2 strings
*/
static void differenceFunc(sqlite3_context *context, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv){
  char zResult1[8];
  char zResult2[8];
  char *zR1 = zResult1;
  char *zR2 = zResult2;
  int rVal = 0;
  int i = 0;
  const u8 *zIn1;
  const u8 *zIn2;

  assert( argc==2 );
  
  if( sqlite3_value_type(argv[0])==SQLITE_NULL || sqlite3_value_type(argv[1])==SQLITE_NULL ){
    sqlite3_result_null(context);
    return;
  }
  
  zIn1 = (u8*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
  zIn2 = (u8*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[1]);

  soundex(zIn1, zR1);
  soundex(zIn2, zR2);

  for(i=0; i<4; ++i){
    if( sqliteCharVal((unsigned char *)zR1)==sqliteCharVal((unsigned char *)zR2) )
      ++rVal;
    sqliteNextChar(zR1);
    sqliteNextChar(zR2);
  }
  sqlite3_result_int(context, rVal);
}
#endif

static void lastRowsFunc(sqlite3_context *context, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv){
  sqlite3 *db = sqlite3_context_db_handle(context);
  sqlite3_result_int64(context, sqlite3_changes(db));
}

/*
** This function registered all of the above C functions as SQL
** functions.  This should be the only routine in this file with
** external linkage.
*/
int RegisterExtensionFunctions(sqlite3 *db){
  static const struct FuncDefs {
     char *zName;
     signed char nArg;
     u8 argType;           /* 0: none.  1: db  2: (-1) */
     u8 eTextRep;          /* 1: UTF-16.  0: UTF-8 */
     u8 needCollSeq;
     void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value **);
  } aFuncs[] = {
    /* math.h */
    { "acos",               1, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, acosFunc  },
    { "asin",               1, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, asinFunc  },
    { "atan",               1, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, atanFunc  },
    { "atn2",               2, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, atn2Func  },
    /* XXX alias */
    { "atan2",              2, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, atn2Func  },
    { "acosh",              1, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, acoshFunc  },
    { "asinh",              1, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, asinhFunc  },
    { "atanh",              1, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, atanhFunc  },

    { "difference",         2, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, differenceFunc},
    { "degrees",            1, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, rad2degFunc  },
    { "radians",            1, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, deg2radFunc  },

    { "cos",                1, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, cosFunc  },
    { "sin",                1, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, sinFunc },
    { "tan",                1, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, tanFunc },
    { "cot",                1, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, cotFunc },
    { "cosh",               1, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, coshFunc  },
    { "sinh",               1, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, sinhFunc },
    { "tanh",               1, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, tanhFunc },
    { "coth",               1, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, cothFunc },

    { "exp",                1, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, expFunc  },
    { "log",                1, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, logFunc  },
    { "log10",              1, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, log10Func  },
    { "power",              2, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, powerFunc  },
    { "sign",               1, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, signFunc },
    { "sqrt",               1, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, sqrtFunc },
    { "square",             1, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, squareFunc },

    { "ceil",               1, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, ceilFunc },
    { "ceiling",            1, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, ceilFunc },
    { "floor",              1, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, floorFunc },

    { "pi",                 0, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, piFunc },
    { "last_rows_affected", 0, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, lastRowsFunc },

    /* string */
    { "replicate",          2, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, replicateFunc },
    { "charindex",          2, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    1, charindexFunc },
    { "charindex",          3, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    1, charindexFunc },
    { "leftstr",            2, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, leftFunc },
    { "rightstr",           2, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, rightFunc },
#ifndef HAVE_TRIM
    { "ltrim",              1, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, ltrimFunc },
    { "rtrim",              1, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, rtrimFunc },
    { "trim",               1, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, trimFunc },
    { "replace",            3, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, replaceFunc },
#endif
    { "reverse",            1, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, reverseFunc },
    { "proper",             1, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, properFunc },
    { "padl",               2, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, padlFunc },
    { "padr",               2, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, padrFunc },
    { "padc",               2, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, padcFunc },
    { "strfilter",          2, 0, SQLITE_UTF8,    0, strfilterFunc },

  };
  /* Aggregate functions */
  static const struct FuncDefAgg {
    char *zName;
    signed char nArg;
    u8 argType;
    u8 needCollSeq;
    void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**);
    void (*xFinalize)(sqlite3_context*);
  } aAggs[] = {
    { "stdev",            1, 0, 0, varianceStep, stdevFinalize  },
    { "variance",         1, 0, 0, varianceStep, varianceFinalize  },
    { "mode",             1, 0, 0, modeStep,     modeFinalize  },
    { "median",           1, 0, 0, modeStep,     medianFinalize  },
    { "lower_quartile",   1, 0, 0, modeStep,     lower_quartileFinalize  },
    { "upper_quartile",   1, 0, 0, modeStep,     upper_quartileFinalize  },
  };
  int i;

  for(i=0; i<sizeof(aFuncs)/sizeof(aFuncs[0]); i++){
    void *pArg = 0;
    switch( aFuncs[i].argType ){
      case 1: pArg = db; break;
      case 2: pArg = (void *)(-1); break;
    }
    //sqlite3CreateFunc
    /* LMH no error checking */
    sqlite3_create_function(db, aFuncs[i].zName, aFuncs[i].nArg,
        aFuncs[i].eTextRep, pArg, aFuncs[i].xFunc, 0, 0);
#if 1
    if( aFuncs[i].needCollSeq ){
      struct FuncDef *pFunc = sqlite3FindFunction(db, aFuncs[i].zName, 
          strlen(aFuncs[i].zName), aFuncs[i].nArg, aFuncs[i].eTextRep, 0);
      if( pFunc && aFuncs[i].needCollSeq ){
        pFunc->needCollSeq = 1;
      }
    }
#endif
  }

  for(i=0; i<sizeof(aAggs)/sizeof(aAggs[0]); i++){
    void *pArg = 0;
    switch( aAggs[i].argType ){
      case 1: pArg = db; break;
      case 2: pArg = (void *)(-1); break;
    }
    //sqlite3CreateFunc
    /* LMH no error checking */
    sqlite3_create_function(db, aAggs[i].zName, aAggs[i].nArg, SQLITE_UTF8, 
        pArg, 0, aAggs[i].xStep, aAggs[i].xFinalize);
#if 0
    if( aAggs[i].needCollSeq ){
      struct FuncDefAgg *pFunc = sqlite3FindFunction( db, aAggs[i].zName,
          strlen(aAggs[i].zName), aAggs[i].nArg, SQLITE_UTF8, 0);
      if( pFunc && aAggs[i].needCollSeq ){
        pFunc->needCollSeq = 1;
      }
    }
#endif
  }
  return 0;
}

#ifdef COMPILE_SQLITE_EXTENSIONS_AS_LOADABLE_MODULE
int sqlite3_extension_init(
    sqlite3 *db, char **pzErrMsg, const sqlite3_api_routines *pApi){
  SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT2(pApi);
  RegisterExtensionFunctions(db);
  return 0;
}
#endif /* COMPILE_SQLITE_EXTENSIONS_AS_LOADABLE_MODULE */

map map_make(cmp_func cmp){
  map r;
  r.cmp=cmp;
  r.base = 0;

  return r;
}

void* xcalloc(size_t nmemb, size_t size, char* s){
  void* ret = calloc(nmemb, size);
  return ret;
}

void xfree(void* p){
  free(p);
}

void node_insert(node** n, cmp_func cmp, void *e){
  int c;
  node* nn;
  if(*n==0){
    nn = (node*)xcalloc(1,sizeof(node), "for node");
    nn->data = e;
    nn->count = 1;
    *n=nn;
  }else{
    c=cmp((*n)->data,e);
    if(0==c){
      ++((*n)->count);
      xfree(e);
    }else if(c>0){
      /* put it right here */
      node_insert(&((*n)->l), cmp, e);
    }else{
      node_insert(&((*n)->r), cmp, e);
    }
  }
}

void map_insert(map *m, void *e){
  node_insert(&(m->base), m->cmp, e);
}

void node_iterate(node *n, map_iterator iter, void* p){
  if(n){
    if(n->l)
      node_iterate(n->l, iter, p);
    iter(n->data, n->count, p);
    if(n->r)
      node_iterate(n->r, iter, p);
  }
}

void map_iterate(map *m, map_iterator iter, void* p){
  node_iterate(m->base, iter, p);
}

void node_destroy(node *n){
  if(0!=n){
    xfree(n->data);
    if(n->l)
      node_destroy(n->l);
    if(n->r)
      node_destroy(n->r);

    xfree(n);
  }
}

void map_destroy(map *m){
  node_destroy(m->base);
}

int int_cmp(const void *a, const void *b){
  int64_t aa = *(int64_t *)(a);
  int64_t bb = *(int64_t *)(b);
  /* printf("cmp %d <=> %d\n",aa,bb); */
  if(aa==bb)
    return 0;
  else if(aa<bb)
    return -1;
  else
    return 1;
}

int double_cmp(const void *a, const void *b){
  double aa = *(double *)(a);
  double bb = *(double *)(b);
  /* printf("cmp %d <=> %d\n",aa,bb); */
  if(aa==bb)
    return 0;
  else if(aa<bb)
    return -1;
  else
    return 1;
}

void print_elem(void *e, int64_t c, void* p){
  int ee = *(int*)(e);
  printf("%d => %lld\n", ee,c);
}

#ifdef NDEBUG
#include "src/sqlite3.c"
#else
#include "splitsource\btreeint.h"
#include "splitsource\vdbeint.h"
#include "splitsource\sqliteInt.h"
#endif

#include "extension-functions.c"
#include "crypt.c"
#include <tchar.h>

#ifdef NDEBUG

#if _WIN32_WCE
#include "merge.h"
#else
#include "merge_full.h"
#endif // _WIN32_WCE
#endif // NDEBUG

extern int RegisterExtensionFunctions(sqlite3 *db);

#ifdef SQLITE_OS_WIN

// Additional flag for sqlite3.flags, we use it as a reference counter
#define SQLITE_WantClose 0x10000000

// Additional open flags, we use this one privately
//#define SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE      0x01000000

typedef void (*SQLITEUSERFUNC)(sqlite3_context *, int, sqlite3_value **);

typedef void (*SQLITEFUNCFINAL)(sqlite3_context *);

typedef HANDLE (WINAPI *CREATEFILEW)(
    LPCWSTR,
    DWORD,
    DWORD,
    LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES,
    DWORD,
    DWORD,
    HANDLE);































static CRITICAL_SECTION g_cs;
static LONG g_dwcsInit = 0;







void EnterGlobalMutex()
{
  if (InterlockedCompareExchange(&g_dwcsInit, 1, 0) == 0)
    InitializeCriticalSection(&g_cs);

  EnterCriticalSection(&g_cs);
}

void LeaveGlobalMutex()
{
  LeaveCriticalSection(&g_cs);
}























int SetCompression(const wchar_t *pwszFilename, unsigned short ufLevel)
{
#ifdef FSCTL_SET_COMPRESSION
  HMODULE hMod = GetModuleHandle(_T("KERNEL32"));
  CREATEFILEW pfunc;
  HANDLE hFile;

}

__declspec(dllexport) int WINAPI sqlite3_decompressfile(const wchar_t *pwszFilename)
{
  return SetCompression(pwszFilename, COMPRESSION_FORMAT_NONE);
}





















/*
    The goal of this version of close is different than that of sqlite3_close(), and is designed to lend itself better to .NET's non-deterministic finalizers and
    the GC thread.  SQLite will not close a database if statements are open on it -- but for our purposes, we'd rather finalize all active statements
    and forcibly close the database.  The reason is simple -- a lot of people don't Dispose() of their objects correctly and let the garbage collector
    do it.  This leads to unexpected behavior when a user thinks they've closed a database, but it's still open because not all the statements have
    hit the GC yet.

  }

  LeaveGlobalMutex();

  return ret;
}






__declspec(dllexport) int WINAPI sqlite3_open_interop(const char*filename, int flags, sqlite3 **ppdb)
{
  int ret;
  //int sharedcache = ((flags & SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE) != 0);


  //flags &= ~SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE;


  //EnterGlobalMutex();




  //sqlite3_enable_shared_cache(sharedcache);




  ret = sqlite3_open_v2(filename, ppdb, flags, NULL);




  //sqlite3_enable_shared_cache(0);




  if (ret == 0)




    RegisterExtensionFunctions(*ppdb);









  //LeaveGlobalMutex();









  return ret;
}











__declspec(dllexport) int WINAPI sqlite3_open16_interop(const char *filename, int flags, sqlite3 **ppdb)
{
  int ret = sqlite3_open_interop(filename, flags, ppdb);
  if (!ret)


  {



    if(!DbHasProperty(*ppdb, 0, DB_SchemaLoaded))

      ENC(*ppdb) = SQLITE_UTF16NATIVE;
  }



  return ret;
}

__declspec(dllexport) const char * WINAPI sqlite3_errmsg_interop(sqlite3 *db, int *plen)
{
  const char *pval = sqlite3_errmsg(db);
  *plen = (pval != 0) ? strlen(pval) : 0;
  return pval;
}








__declspec(dllexport) int WINAPI sqlite3_prepare_interop(sqlite3 *db, const char *sql, int nbytes, sqlite3_stmt **ppstmt, const char **pztail, int *plen)
{
  int n;

  n = sqlite3_prepare(db, sql, nbytes, ppstmt, pztail);
  *plen = (*pztail != 0) ? strlen(*pztail) : 0;

  return n;
}

__declspec(dllexport) int WINAPI sqlite3_prepare16_interop(sqlite3 *db, const void *sql, int nchars, sqlite3_stmt **ppstmt, const void **pztail, int *plen)
{
  int n;

  n = sqlite3_prepare16(db, sql, nchars * sizeof(wchar_t), ppstmt, pztail);
  *plen = (*pztail != 0) ? wcslen((wchar_t *)*pztail) * sizeof(wchar_t) : 0;

  return n;
}






__declspec(dllexport) int WINAPI sqlite3_bind_double_interop(sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int iCol, double *val)
{
	return sqlite3_bind_double(stmt,iCol,*val);
}






__declspec(dllexport) int WINAPI sqlite3_bind_int64_interop(sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int iCol, sqlite_int64 *val)
{
	return sqlite3_bind_int64(stmt,iCol,*val);
}





















__declspec(dllexport) const char * WINAPI sqlite3_bind_parameter_name_interop(sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int iCol, int *plen)
{
  const char *pval = sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(stmt, iCol);
  *plen = (pval != 0) ? strlen(pval) : 0;
  return pval;
}











__declspec(dllexport) const char * WINAPI sqlite3_column_name_interop(sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int iCol, int *plen)
{
  const char *pval = sqlite3_column_name(stmt, iCol);
  *plen = (pval != 0) ? strlen(pval) : 0;
  return pval;
}

__declspec(dllexport) const void * WINAPI sqlite3_column_decltype16_interop(sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int iCol, int *plen)
{
  const void *pval = sqlite3_column_decltype16(stmt, iCol);
  *plen = (pval != 0) ? wcslen((wchar_t *)pval) * sizeof(wchar_t) : 0;
  return pval;
}































__declspec(dllexport) void WINAPI sqlite3_column_double_interop(sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int iCol, double *val)
{
	*val = sqlite3_column_double(stmt,iCol);
}






__declspec(dllexport) void WINAPI sqlite3_column_int64_interop(sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int iCol, sqlite_int64 *val)
{
	*val = sqlite3_column_int64(stmt,iCol);
}

__declspec(dllexport) const unsigned char * WINAPI sqlite3_column_text_interop(sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int iCol, int *plen)
{
  const unsigned char *pval = sqlite3_column_text(stmt, iCol);
  *plen = (pval != 0) ? strlen((char *)pval) : 0;
  return pval;
}

__declspec(dllexport) const void * WINAPI sqlite3_column_text16_interop(sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int iCol, int *plen)
{
  const void *pval = sqlite3_column_text16(stmt, iCol);
  *plen = (pval != 0) ? wcslen((wchar_t *)pval) * sizeof(wchar_t): 0;
  return pval;
}






__declspec(dllexport) int WINAPI sqlite3_finalize_interop(sqlite3_stmt *stmt)
{
  // Try and finalize a statement, and close the database it belonged to if the database was marked for closing
  Vdbe *p;
  sqlite3 *db;
  int ret;

  int ret;

  if (((Vdbe *)stmt)->magic == VDBE_MAGIC_DEAD) return SQLITE_SCHEMA;
  ret = sqlite3_reset(stmt);
  return ret;
}

__declspec(dllexport) int WINAPI sqlite3_create_function_interop(sqlite3 *psql, const char *zFunctionName, int nArg, int eTextRep, void *pvUser, SQLITEUSERFUNC func, SQLITEUSERFUNC funcstep, SQLITEFUNCFINAL funcfinal, int needCollSeq)
{
  int n;





  if (eTextRep == SQLITE_UTF16)

    eTextRep = SQLITE_UTF16NATIVE;






































  n = sqlite3_create_function(psql, zFunctionName, nArg, eTextRep, 0, func, funcstep, funcfinal);
  if (n == 0)



  {


    if (needCollSeq)

    {


      FuncDef *pFunc = sqlite3FindFunction(psql, zFunctionName, strlen(zFunctionName), nArg, eTextRep, 0);

      if( pFunc )

      {





        pFunc->needCollSeq = 1;

      }
    }



  }



  return n;










}

__declspec(dllexport) void WINAPI sqlite3_value_double_interop(sqlite3_value *pval, double *val)
{
  *val = sqlite3_value_double(pval);
}






__declspec(dllexport) void WINAPI sqlite3_value_int64_interop(sqlite3_value *pval, sqlite_int64 *val)
{
  *val = sqlite3_value_int64(pval);
}

__declspec(dllexport) const unsigned char * WINAPI sqlite3_value_text_interop(sqlite3_value *val, int *plen)
{
  const unsigned char *pval = sqlite3_value_text(val);
  *plen = (pval != 0) ? strlen((char *)pval) : 0;
  return pval;
}

__declspec(dllexport) const void * WINAPI sqlite3_value_text16_interop(sqlite3_value *val, int *plen)
{
  const void *pval = sqlite3_value_text16(val);
  *plen = (pval != 0) ? wcslen((wchar_t *)pval) * sizeof(wchar_t) : 0;
  return pval;
}
















__declspec(dllexport) void WINAPI sqlite3_result_double_interop(sqlite3_context *pctx, double *val)
{
  sqlite3_result_double(pctx, *val);
}

__declspec(dllexport) void WINAPI sqlite3_result_int64_interop(sqlite3_context *pctx, sqlite_int64 *val)
{
  sqlite3_result_int64(pctx, *val);
}

__declspec(dllexport) int WINAPI sqlite3_context_collcompare(sqlite3_context *ctx, const void *p1, int p1len, const void *p2, int p2len)
{
  if (ctx->pFunc->needCollSeq == 0) return 2;
  return ctx->pColl->xCmp(ctx->pColl->pUser, p1len, p1, p2len, p2);
}

__declspec(dllexport) const char * WINAPI sqlite3_context_collseq(sqlite3_context *ctx, int *ptype, int *enc, int *plen)
{
  CollSeq *pColl = ctx->pColl;

  *ptype = 0;
  *plen = 0;
  *enc = 0;

  if (ctx->pFunc->needCollSeq == 0) return NULL;

  if (pColl)

  {
    *enc = pColl->enc;

    *ptype = pColl->type;

    *plen = (pColl->zName != 0) ? strlen(pColl->zName) : 0;


    return pColl->zName;
  }
  return NULL;



}

__declspec(dllexport) const char * WINAPI sqlite3_column_database_name_interop(sqlite3_stmt *stmt, int iCol, int *plen)
{
  const char *pval = sqlite3_column_database_name(stmt, iCol);
  *plen = (pval != 0) ? strlen(pval) : 0;
  return pval;

  n = sqlite3_table_column_metadata(db, zDbName, zTableName, zColumnName, pzDataType, pzCollSeq, pNotNull, pPrimaryKey, pAutoinc);
  *pdtLen = (*pzDataType != 0) ? strlen(*pzDataType) : 0;
  *pcsLen = (*pzCollSeq != 0) ? strlen(*pzCollSeq) : 0;

  return n;
}










































__declspec(dllexport) int WINAPI sqlite3_index_column_info_interop(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb, const char *zIndexName, const char *zColumnName, int *sortOrder, int *onError, char **pzColl, int *plen)
{
  Index *pIdx;
  Table *pTab;
  char *zErrMsg = 0;
  int n;
  pIdx = sqlite3FindIndex(db, zIndexName, zDb);

      return SQLITE_OK;
    }
  }
  return SQLITE_ERROR;
}

































__declspec(dllexport) int WINAPI sqlite3_table_cursor(sqlite3_stmt *pstmt, int iDb, Pgno tableRootPage)
{
  Vdbe *p = (Vdbe *)pstmt;
  sqlite3 *db = (p == NULL) ? NULL : p->db;
  int n;
  int ret = -1;

    break;
  }
  sqlite3_mutex_leave(db->mutex);

  return ret;
}








#endif // SQLITE_OS_WIN

// This code was automatically generated from assembly
// C:\Src\SQLite.NET\System.Data.SQLite\bin\CompactFramework\System.Data.SQLite.dll

#include <windef.h>

#pragma data_seg(push,clrseg,".clr")
#pragma comment(linker, "/SECTION:.clr,ER")
  char __ph[143492] = {0}; // The number of bytes to reserve
#pragma data_seg(pop,clrseg)

typedef BOOL (WINAPI *DLLMAIN)(HANDLE, DWORD, LPVOID);
typedef struct EXTRA_STUFF
{
  DWORD dwNativeEntryPoint;
} EXTRA_STUFF, *LPEXTRA_STUFF;

// This code was automatically generated from assembly
// C:\Src\SQLite.NET\System.Data.SQLite\bin\System.Data.SQLite.dll

#include <windef.h>

#pragma data_seg(push,clrseg,".clr")
#pragma comment(linker, "/SECTION:.clr,ER")
  char __ph[157228] = {0}; // The number of bytes to reserve
#pragma data_seg(pop,clrseg)

typedef BOOL (WINAPI *DLLMAIN)(HANDLE, DWORD, LPVOID);
typedef struct EXTRA_STUFF
{
  DWORD dwNativeEntryPoint;
} EXTRA_STUFF, *LPEXTRA_STUFF;

/******************************************************************************
** This file is an amalgamation of many separate C source files from SQLite
** version 3.6.1.  By combining all the individual C code files into this 
** single large file, the entire code can be compiled as a one translation
** unit.  This allows many compilers to do optimizations that would not be
** possible if the files were compiled separately.  Performance improvements
** of 5% are more are commonly seen when SQLite is compiled as a single
** translation unit.
**
** This file is all you need to compile SQLite.  To use SQLite in other
** programs, you need this file and the "sqlite3.h" header file that defines
** the programming interface to the SQLite library.  (If you do not have 
** the "sqlite3.h" header file at hand, you will find a copy in the first
** 6279 lines past this header comment.)  Additional code files may be
** needed if you want a wrapper to interface SQLite with your choice of
** programming language.  The code for the "sqlite3" command-line shell
** is also in a separate file.  This file contains only code for the core
** SQLite library.
**
** This amalgamation was generated on 2008-08-05 21:36:42 UTC.
*/
#define SQLITE_CORE 1
#define SQLITE_AMALGAMATION 1
#ifndef SQLITE_PRIVATE
# define SQLITE_PRIVATE static
#endif
#ifndef SQLITE_API

**    May you do good and not evil.
**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
*************************************************************************
** Internal interface definitions for SQLite.
**
** @(#) $Id: sqlite3.c,v 1.9 2008/08/06 21:45:28 rmsimpson Exp $
*/
#ifndef _SQLITEINT_H_
#define _SQLITEINT_H_

/*
** Include the configuration header output by 'configure' if we're using the
** autoconf-based build

**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
*************************************************************************
** 
** This file defines various limits of what SQLite can process.
**
** @(#) $Id: sqlite3.c,v 1.9 2008/08/06 21:45:28 rmsimpson Exp $
*/

/*
** The maximum length of a TEXT or BLOB in bytes.   This also
** limits the size of a row in a table or index.
**
** The hard limit is the ability of a 32-bit signed integer

#pragma warn -ccc /* Condition is always true or false */
#pragma warn -aus /* Assigned value is never used */
#pragma warn -csu /* Comparing signed and unsigned */
#pragma warn -spa /* Suspicous pointer arithmetic */
#endif

/* Needed for various definitions... */
#ifndef _GNU_SOURCE
# define _GNU_SOURCE
#endif

/*
** Include standard header files as necessary
*/
#ifdef HAVE_STDINT_H
#include <stdint.h>
#endif

** on how SQLite interfaces are suppose to operate.
**
** The name of this file under configuration management is "sqlite.h.in".
** The makefile makes some minor changes to this file (such as inserting
** the version number) and changes its name to "sqlite3.h" as
** part of the build process.
**
** @(#) $Id: sqlite3.c,v 1.9 2008/08/06 21:45:28 rmsimpson Exp $
*/
#ifndef _SQLITE3_H_
#define _SQLITE3_H_
#include <stdarg.h>     /* Needed for the definition of va_list */

/*
** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++.

# undef SQLITE_VERSION
#endif
#ifdef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
# undef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
#endif

/*
** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Library Version Numbers {H10010} <S60100>
**
** The SQLITE_VERSION and SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER #defines in
** the sqlite3.h file specify the version of SQLite with which
** that header file is associated.
**
** The "version" of SQLite is a string of the form "X.Y.Z".
** The phrase "alpha" or "beta" might be appended after the Z.
** The X value is major version number always 3 in SQLite3.
** The X value only changes when backwards compatibility is
** broken and we intend to never break backwards compatibility.
** The Y value is the minor version number and only changes when
** there are major feature enhancements that are forwards compatible
** but not backwards compatible.
** The Z value is the release number and is incremented with
** each release but resets back to 0 whenever Y is incremented.
**
** See also: [sqlite3_libversion()] and [sqlite3_libversion_number()].
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H10011} The SQLITE_VERSION #define in the sqlite3.h header file shall
**          evaluate to a string literal that is the SQLite version
**          with which the header file is associated.
**
** {H10014} The SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER #define shall resolve to an integer
**          with the value (X*1000000 + Y*1000 + Z) where X, Y, and Z
**          are the major version, minor version, and release number.
*/
#define SQLITE_VERSION         "3.6.1"
#define SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER  3006001

/*
** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Version Numbers {H10020} <S60100>
** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_version
**
** These features provide the same information as the [SQLITE_VERSION]
** and [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER] #defines in the header, but are associated
** with the library instead of the header file.  Cautious programmers might
** include a check in their application to verify that
** sqlite3_libversion_number() always returns the value
** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER].
**
** The sqlite3_libversion() function returns the same information as is
** in the sqlite3_version[] string constant.  The function is provided
** for use in DLLs since DLL users usually do not have direct access to string
** constants within the DLL.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H10021} The [sqlite3_libversion_number()] interface shall return
**          an integer equal to [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER].
**
** {H10022} The [sqlite3_version] string constant shall contain
**          the text of the [SQLITE_VERSION] string.
**
** {H10023} The [sqlite3_libversion()] function shall return
**          a pointer to the [sqlite3_version] string constant.
*/
SQLITE_API const char sqlite3_version[];
SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_libversion(void);
SQLITE_API int sqlite3_libversion_number(void);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Test To See If The Library Is Threadsafe {H10100} <S60100>
**
** SQLite can be compiled with or without mutexes.  When
** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] C preprocessor macro is true, mutexes
** are enabled and SQLite is threadsafe.  When that macro is false,
** the mutexes are omitted.  Without the mutexes, it is not safe
** to use SQLite concurrently from more than one thread.
**

** with the verbs [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD], [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD],
** or [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX].  The return value of this function shows
** only the default compile-time setting, not any run-time changes
** to that setting.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H10101} The [sqlite3_threadsafe()] function shall return nonzero if
**          SQLite was compiled with the its mutexes enabled by default
**          or zero if SQLite was compiled such that mutexes are
**          permanently disabled.
**
** {H10102} The value returned by the [sqlite3_threadsafe()] function
**          shall not change when mutex setting are modified at
**          runtime using the [sqlite3_config()] interface and 
**          especially the [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD],
**          [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD], [SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED],
**          and [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] verbs.
*/
SQLITE_API int sqlite3_threadsafe(void);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Handle {H12000} <S40200>
** KEYWORDS: {database connection} {database connections}
**
** Each open SQLite database is represented by a pointer to an instance of
** the opaque structure named "sqlite3".  It is useful to think of an sqlite3
** pointer as an object.  The [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], and
** [sqlite3_open_v2()] interfaces are its constructors, and [sqlite3_close()]
** is its destructor.  There are many other interfaces (such as
** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_create_function()], and
** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] to name but three) that are methods on an
** sqlite3 object.
*/
typedef struct sqlite3 sqlite3;

/*
** CAPI3REF: 64-Bit Integer Types {H10200} <S10110>
** KEYWORDS: sqlite_int64 sqlite_uint64
**
** Because there is no cross-platform way to specify 64-bit integer types
** SQLite includes typedefs for 64-bit signed and unsigned integers.
**
** The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite3_uint64 are the preferred type definitions.
** The sqlite_int64 and sqlite_uint64 types are supported for backwards
** compatibility only.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H10201} The [sqlite_int64] and [sqlite3_int64] type shall specify
**          a 64-bit signed integer.
**
** {H10202} The [sqlite_uint64] and [sqlite3_uint64] type shall specify
**          a 64-bit unsigned integer.
*/
#ifdef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE
  typedef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_int64;
  typedef unsigned SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_uint64;
#elif defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__)
  typedef __int64 sqlite_int64;

** substitute integer for floating-point.
*/
#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
# define double sqlite3_int64
#endif

/*
** CAPI3REF: Closing A Database Connection {H12010} <S30100><S40200>
**
** This routine is the destructor for the [sqlite3] object.
**
** Applications should [sqlite3_finalize | finalize] all [prepared statements]
** and [sqlite3_blob_close | close] all [BLOB handles] associated with
** the [sqlite3] object prior to attempting to close the object.
** The [sqlite3_next_stmt()] interface can be used to locate all

** </pre></blockquote>
**
** If [sqlite3_close()] is invoked while a transaction is open,
** the transaction is automatically rolled back.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H12011} A successful call to [sqlite3_close(C)] shall destroy the
**          [database connection] object C.
**
** {H12012} A successful call to [sqlite3_close(C)] shall return SQLITE_OK.
**
** {H12013} A successful call to [sqlite3_close(C)] shall release all
**          memory and system resources associated with [database connection]
**          C.
**
** {H12014} A call to [sqlite3_close(C)] on a [database connection] C that
**          has one or more open [prepared statements] shall fail with
**          an [SQLITE_BUSY] error code.
**
** {H12015} A call to [sqlite3_close(C)] where C is a NULL pointer shall
**          return SQLITE_OK.
**
** {H12019} When [sqlite3_close(C)] is invoked on a [database connection] C
**          that has a pending transaction, the transaction shall be
**          rolled back.
**
** ASSUMPTIONS:
**
** {A12016} The C parameter to [sqlite3_close(C)] must be either a NULL
**          pointer or an [sqlite3] object pointer obtained
**          from [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], or
**          [sqlite3_open_v2()], and not previously closed.
*/
SQLITE_API int sqlite3_close(sqlite3 *);

/*
** The type for a callback function.
** This is legacy and deprecated.  It is included for historical
** compatibility and is not documented.
*/
typedef int (*sqlite3_callback)(void*,int,char**, char**);

/*
** CAPI3REF: One-Step Query Execution Interface {H12100} <S10000>
**
** The sqlite3_exec() interface is a convenient way of running one or more
** SQL statements without having to write a lot of C code.  The UTF-8 encoded
** SQL statements are passed in as the second parameter to sqlite3_exec().
** The statements are evaluated one by one until either an error or
** an interrupt is encountered, or until they are all done.  The 3rd parameter
** is an optional callback that is invoked once for each row of any query

** The sqlite3_exec() interface is implemented in terms of
** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_step()], and [sqlite3_finalize()].
** The sqlite3_exec() routine does nothing to the database that cannot be done
** by [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_step()], and [sqlite3_finalize()].
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H12101} A successful invocation of [sqlite3_exec(D,S,C,A,E)]
**          shall sequentially evaluate all of the UTF-8 encoded,
**          semicolon-separated SQL statements in the zero-terminated
**          string S within the context of the [database connection] D.
**
** {H12102} If the S parameter to [sqlite3_exec(D,S,C,A,E)] is NULL then
**          the actions of the interface shall be the same as if the
**          S parameter were an empty string.
**
** {H12104} The return value of [sqlite3_exec()] shall be [SQLITE_OK] if all
**          SQL statements run successfully and to completion.
**
** {H12105} The return value of [sqlite3_exec()] shall be an appropriate
**          non-zero [error code] if any SQL statement fails.
**
** {H12107} If one or more of the SQL statements handed to [sqlite3_exec()]
**          return results and the 3rd parameter is not NULL, then
**          the callback function specified by the 3rd parameter shall be
**          invoked once for each row of result.
**
** {H12110} If the callback returns a non-zero value then [sqlite3_exec()]
**          shall abort the SQL statement it is currently evaluating,
**          skip all subsequent SQL statements, and return [SQLITE_ABORT].
**
** {H12113} The [sqlite3_exec()] routine shall pass its 4th parameter through
**          as the 1st parameter of the callback.
**
** {H12116} The [sqlite3_exec()] routine shall set the 2nd parameter of its
**          callback to be the number of columns in the current row of
**          result.
**
** {H12119} The [sqlite3_exec()] routine shall set the 3rd parameter of its
**          callback to be an array of pointers to strings holding the
**          values for each column in the current result set row as
**          obtained from [sqlite3_column_text()].
**
** {H12122} The [sqlite3_exec()] routine shall set the 4th parameter of its
**          callback to be an array of pointers to strings holding the
**          names of result columns as obtained from [sqlite3_column_name()].
**
** {H12125} If the 3rd parameter to [sqlite3_exec()] is NULL then
**          [sqlite3_exec()] shall silently discard query results.
**
** {H12131} If an error occurs while parsing or evaluating any of the SQL
**          statements in the S parameter of [sqlite3_exec(D,S,C,A,E)] and if
**          the E parameter is not NULL, then [sqlite3_exec()] shall store
**          in *E an appropriate error message written into memory obtained
**          from [sqlite3_malloc()].
**
** {H12134} The [sqlite3_exec(D,S,C,A,E)] routine shall set the value of
**          *E to NULL if E is not NULL and there are no errors.
**
** {H12137} The [sqlite3_exec(D,S,C,A,E)] function shall set the [error code]
**          and message accessible via [sqlite3_errcode()],
**          [sqlite3_errmsg()], and [sqlite3_errmsg16()].
**
** {H12138} If the S parameter to [sqlite3_exec(D,S,C,A,E)] is NULL or an
**          empty string or contains nothing other than whitespace, comments,
**          and/or semicolons, then results of [sqlite3_errcode()],
**          [sqlite3_errmsg()], and [sqlite3_errmsg16()]
**          shall reset to indicate no errors.
**
** ASSUMPTIONS:
**
** {A12141} The first parameter to [sqlite3_exec()] must be an valid and open
**          [database connection].
**
** {A12142} The database connection must not be closed while
**          [sqlite3_exec()] is running.
**

  const char *sql,                           /* SQL to be evaluated */
  int (*callback)(void*,int,char**,char**),  /* Callback function */
  void *,                                    /* 1st argument to callback */
  char **errmsg                              /* Error msg written here */
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Result Codes {H10210} <S10700>
** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_OK {error code} {error codes}
** KEYWORDS: {result code} {result codes}
**
** Many SQLite functions return an integer result code from the set shown
** here in order to indicates success or failure.
**
** New error codes may be added in future versions of SQLite.

#define SQLITE_RANGE       25   /* 2nd parameter to sqlite3_bind out of range */
#define SQLITE_NOTADB      26   /* File opened that is not a database file */
#define SQLITE_ROW         100  /* sqlite3_step() has another row ready */
#define SQLITE_DONE        101  /* sqlite3_step() has finished executing */
/* end-of-error-codes */

/*
** CAPI3REF: Extended Result Codes {H10220} <S10700>
** KEYWORDS: {extended error code} {extended error codes}
** KEYWORDS: {extended result code} {extended result codes}
**
** In its default configuration, SQLite API routines return one of 26 integer
** [SQLITE_OK | result codes].  However, experience has shown that many of
** these result codes are too coarse-grained.  They do not provide as
** much information about problems as programmers might like.  In an effort to

** to see new result codes in future releases of SQLite.
**
** The SQLITE_OK result code will never be extended.  It will always
** be exactly zero.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H10223} The symbolic name for an extended result code shall contains
**          a related primary result code as a prefix.
**
** {H10224} Primary result code names shall contain a single "_" character.
**
** {H10225} Extended result code names shall contain two or more "_" characters.
**
** {H10226} The numeric value of an extended result code shall contain the
**          numeric value of its corresponding primary result code in
**          its least significant 8 bits.
*/
#define SQLITE_IOERR_READ              (SQLITE_IOERR | (1<<8))
#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ        (SQLITE_IOERR | (2<<8))
#define SQLITE_IOERR_WRITE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (3<<8))
#define SQLITE_IOERR_FSYNC             (SQLITE_IOERR | (4<<8))
#define SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_FSYNC         (SQLITE_IOERR | (5<<8))
#define SQLITE_IOERR_TRUNCATE          (SQLITE_IOERR | (6<<8))
#define SQLITE_IOERR_FSTAT             (SQLITE_IOERR | (7<<8))
#define SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK            (SQLITE_IOERR | (8<<8))
#define SQLITE_IOERR_RDLOCK            (SQLITE_IOERR | (9<<8))
#define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE            (SQLITE_IOERR | (10<<8))
#define SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED           (SQLITE_IOERR | (11<<8))
#define SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM             (SQLITE_IOERR | (12<<8))
#define SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS            (SQLITE_IOERR | (13<<8))
#define SQLITE_IOERR_CHECKRESERVEDLOCK (SQLITE_IOERR | (14<<8))

/*
** CAPI3REF: Flags For File Open Operations {H10230} <H11120> <H12700>
**
** These bit values are intended for use in the
** 3rd parameter to the [sqlite3_open_v2()] interface and
** in the 4th parameter to the xOpen method of the
** [sqlite3_vfs] object.
*/
#define SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY         0x00000001

#define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL     0x00000800
#define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL     0x00001000
#define SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL       0x00002000
#define SQLITE_OPEN_MASTER_JOURNAL   0x00004000
#define SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX          0x00008000

/*
** CAPI3REF: Device Characteristics {H10240} <H11120>
**
** The xDeviceCapabilities method of the [sqlite3_io_methods]
** object returns an integer which is a vector of the these
** bit values expressing I/O characteristics of the mass storage
** device that holds the file that the [sqlite3_io_methods]
** refers to.
**

#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K       0x00000040
#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K       0x00000080
#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K       0x00000100
#define SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND     0x00000200
#define SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL      0x00000400

/*
** CAPI3REF: File Locking Levels {H10250} <H11120> <H11310>
**
** SQLite uses one of these integer values as the second
** argument to calls it makes to the xLock() and xUnlock() methods
** of an [sqlite3_io_methods] object.
*/
#define SQLITE_LOCK_NONE          0
#define SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED        1
#define SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED      2
#define SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING       3
#define SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE     4

/*
** CAPI3REF: Synchronization Type Flags {H10260} <H11120>
**
** When SQLite invokes the xSync() method of an
** [sqlite3_io_methods] object it uses a combination of
** these integer values as the second argument.
**
** When the SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY flag is used, it means that the
** sync operation only needs to flush data to mass storage.  Inode
** information need not be flushed. The SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL flag means
** to use normal fsync() semantics. The SQLITE_SYNC_FULL flag means
** to use Mac OS-X style fullsync instead of fsync().
*/
#define SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL        0x00002
#define SQLITE_SYNC_FULL          0x00003
#define SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY      0x00010

/*
** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Open File Handle {H11110} <S20110>
**
** An [sqlite3_file] object represents an open file in the OS
** interface layer.  Individual OS interface implementations will
** want to subclass this object by appending additional fields
** for their own use.  The pMethods entry is a pointer to an
** [sqlite3_io_methods] object that defines methods for performing
** I/O operations on the open file.
*/
typedef struct sqlite3_file sqlite3_file;
struct sqlite3_file {
  const struct sqlite3_io_methods *pMethods;  /* Methods for an open file */
};

/*
** CAPI3REF: OS Interface File Virtual Methods Object {H11120} <S20110>
**
** Every file opened by the [sqlite3_vfs] xOpen method populates an
** [sqlite3_file] object (or, more commonly, a subclass of the
** [sqlite3_file] object) with a pointer to an instance of this object.
** This object defines the methods used to perform various operations
** against the open file represented by the [sqlite3_file] object.
**

  int (*xFileControl)(sqlite3_file*, int op, void *pArg);
  int (*xSectorSize)(sqlite3_file*);
  int (*xDeviceCharacteristics)(sqlite3_file*);
  /* Additional methods may be added in future releases */
};

/*
** CAPI3REF: Standard File Control Opcodes {H11310} <S30800>
**
** These integer constants are opcodes for the xFileControl method
** of the [sqlite3_io_methods] object and for the [sqlite3_file_control()]
** interface.
**
** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE] opcode is used for debugging.  This
** opcode causes the xFileControl method to write the current state of
** the lock (one of [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE], [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED],
** [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED], [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE])
** into an integer that the pArg argument points to. This capability
** is used during testing and only needs to be supported when SQLITE_TEST
** is defined.
*/
#define SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE        1

/*
** CAPI3REF: Mutex Handle {H17110} <S20130>
**
** The mutex module within SQLite defines [sqlite3_mutex] to be an
** abstract type for a mutex object.  The SQLite core never looks
** at the internal representation of an [sqlite3_mutex].  It only
** deals with pointers to the [sqlite3_mutex] object.
**
** Mutexes are created using [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()].
*/
typedef struct sqlite3_mutex sqlite3_mutex;

/*
** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Object {H11140} <S20100>
**
** An instance of the sqlite3_vfs object defines the interface between
** the SQLite core and the underlying operating system.  The "vfs"
** in the name of the object stands for "virtual file system".
**
** The value of the iVersion field is initially 1 but may be larger in
** future versions of SQLite.  Additional fields may be appended to this

** or modify this field while holding a particular static mutex.
** The application should never modify anything within the sqlite3_vfs
** object once the object has been registered.
**
** The zName field holds the name of the VFS module.  The name must
** be unique across all VFS modules.
**
** {H11141} SQLite will guarantee that the zFilename parameter to xOpen
** is either a NULL pointer or string obtained
** from xFullPathname().  SQLite further guarantees that
** the string will be valid and unchanged until xClose() is
** called. {END}  Because of the previous sentense,
** the [sqlite3_file] can safely store a pointer to the
** filename if it needs to remember the filename for some reason.
** If the zFilename parameter is xOpen is a NULL pointer then xOpen
** must invite its own temporary name for the file.  Whenever the 
** xFilename parameter is NULL it will also be the case that the
** flags parameter will include [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE].
**
** {H11142} The flags argument to xOpen() includes all bits set in
** the flags argument to [sqlite3_open_v2()].  Or if [sqlite3_open()]
** or [sqlite3_open16()] is used, then flags includes at least
** [SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE]. {END}
** If xOpen() opens a file read-only then it sets *pOutFlags to
** include [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY].  Other bits in *pOutFlags may be set.
**
** {H11143} SQLite will also add one of the following flags to the xOpen()
** call, depending on the object being opened:
**
** <ul>
** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB]
** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL]
** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB]
** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL]

** SQLite might also add one of the following flags to the xOpen method:
**
** <ul>
** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE]
** </ul>
**
** {H11145} The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE] flag means the file should be
** deleted when it is closed.  {H11146} The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
** will be set for TEMP  databases, journals and for subjournals.
**
** {H11147} The [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE] flag means the file should be opened
** for exclusive access.  This flag is set for all files except
** for the main database file.
**
** {H11148} At least szOsFile bytes of memory are allocated by SQLite
** to hold the  [sqlite3_file] structure passed as the third
** argument to xOpen. {END}  The xOpen method does not have to
** allocate the structure; it should just fill it in.
**
** {H11149} The flags argument to xAccess() may be [SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS]
** to test for the existence of a file, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE] to
** test whether a file is readable and writable, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READ]
** to test whether a file is at least readable. {END}  The file can be a
** directory.
**
** {H11150} SQLite will always allocate at least mxPathname+1 bytes for the
** output buffer xFullPathname. {H11151} The exact size of the output buffer
** is also passed as a parameter to both  methods. {END}  If the output buffer
** is not large enough, [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] should be returned. Since this is
** handled as a fatal error by SQLite, vfs implementations should endeavor
** to prevent this by setting mxPathname to a sufficiently large value.
**
** The xRandomness(), xSleep(), and xCurrentTime() interfaces
** are not strictly a part of the filesystem, but they are

  int (*xCurrentTime)(sqlite3_vfs*, double*);
  int (*xGetLastError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int, char *);
  /* New fields may be appended in figure versions.  The iVersion
  ** value will increment whenever this happens. */
};

/*
** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xAccess VFS method {H11190} <H11140>
**
** {H11191} These integer constants can be used as the third parameter to
** the xAccess method of an [sqlite3_vfs] object. {END}  They determine
** what kind of permissions the xAccess method is looking for.
** {H11192} With SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS, the xAccess method
** simply checks whether the file exists.
** {H11193} With SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE, the xAccess method
** checks whether the file is both readable and writable.
** {H11194} With SQLITE_ACCESS_READ, the xAccess method
** checks whether the file is readable.
*/
#define SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS    0
#define SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE 1
#define SQLITE_ACCESS_READ      2

/*
** CAPI3REF: Initialize The SQLite Library {H10130} <S20000><S30100>
**
** The sqlite3_initialize() routine initializes the
** SQLite library.  The sqlite3_shutdown() routine
** deallocates any resources that were allocated by sqlite3_initialize().
**
** A call to sqlite3_initialize() is an "effective" call if it is
** the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked during the lifetime of

*/
SQLITE_API int sqlite3_initialize(void);
SQLITE_API int sqlite3_shutdown(void);
SQLITE_API int sqlite3_os_init(void);
SQLITE_API int sqlite3_os_end(void);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Configuring The SQLite Library {H10145} <S20000><S30200>
** EXPERIMENTAL
**
** The sqlite3_config() interface is used to make global configuration
** changes to SQLite in order to tune SQLite to the specific needs of
** the application.  The default configuration is recommended for most
** applications and so this routine is usually not necessary.  It is
** provided to support rare applications with unusual needs.
**

** what property of SQLite is to be configured.  Subsequent arguments
** vary depending on the [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD | configuration option]
** in the first argument.
**
** When a configuration option is set, sqlite3_config() returns SQLITE_OK.
** If the option is unknown or SQLite is unable to set the option
** then this routine returns a non-zero [error code].




*/
SQLITE_API int sqlite3_config(int, ...);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Configure database connections  {H10180} <S20000>
** EXPERIMENTAL
**
** The sqlite3_db_config() interface is used to make configuration
** changes to a [database connection].  The interface is similar to
** [sqlite3_config()] except that the changes apply to a single
** [database connection] (specified in the first argument).  The
** sqlite3_db_config() interface can only be used immediately after
** the database connection is created using [sqlite3_open()],
** [sqlite3_open16()], or [sqlite3_open_v2()].  
**
** The second argument to sqlite3_db_config(D,V,...)  is the
** configuration verb - an integer code that indicates what
** aspect of the [database connection] is being configured.
** The only choice for this value is [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE].
** New verbs are likely to be added in future releases of SQLite.
** Additional arguments depend on the verb.
*/
SQLITE_API int sqlite3_db_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Routines {H10155} <S20120>
** EXPERIMENTAL
**
** An instance of this object defines the interface between SQLite
** and low-level memory allocation routines.
**
** This object is used in only one place in the SQLite interface.
** A pointer to an instance of this object is the argument to
** [sqlite3_config()] when the configuration option is

  int (*xRoundup)(int);          /* Round up request size to allocation size */
  int (*xInit)(void*);           /* Initialize the memory allocator */
  void (*xShutdown)(void*);      /* Deinitialize the memory allocator */
  void *pAppData;                /* Argument to xInit() and xShutdown() */
};

/*
** CAPI3REF: Configuration Options {H10160} <S20000>
** EXPERIMENTAL
**
** These constants are the available integer configuration options that
** can be passed as the first argument to the [sqlite3_config()] interface.
**
** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite.
** Existing configuration options might be discontinued.  Applications
** should check the return code from [sqlite3_config()] to make sure that

** instance of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure.  The [sqlite3_mem_methods]
** structure is filled with the currently defined memory allocation routines.
** This option can be used to overload the default memory allocation
** routines with a wrapper that simulations memory allocation failure or
** tracks memory usage, for example.</dd>
**
** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS</dt>
** <dd>This option takes single argument of type int, interpreted as a 
** boolean, which enables or disables the collection of memory allocation 
** statistics. When disabled, the following SQLite interfaces become 
** non-operational:
**   <ul>
**   <li> [sqlite3_memory_used()]
**   <li> [sqlite3_memory_highwater()]
**   <li> [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit()]
**   <li> [sqlite3_status()]
**   </ul>
** </dd>
**
** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH</dt>
** <dd>This option specifies a static memory buffer that SQLite can use for
** scratch memory.  There are three arguments:  A pointer to the memory, the
** size of each scratch buffer (sz), and the number of buffers (N).  The sz
** argument must be a multiple of 16. The sz parameter should be a few bytes
** larger than the actual scratch space required due internal overhead.
** The first
** argument should point to an allocation of at least sz*N bytes of memory.
** SQLite will use no more than one scratch buffer at once per thread, so
** N should be set to the expected maximum number of threads.  The sz
** parameter should be 6 times the size of the largest database page size.
** Scratch buffers are used as part of the btree balance operation.  If
** The btree balancer needs additional memory beyond what is provided by
** scratch buffers or if no scratch buffer space is specified, then SQLite
** goes to [sqlite3_malloc()] to obtain the memory it needs.</dd>
**
** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE</dt>
** <dd>This option specifies a static memory buffer that SQLite can use for
** the database page cache.  There are three arguments: A pointer to the
** memory, the size of each page buffer (sz), and the number of pages (N).
** The sz argument must be a power of two between 512 and 32768.  The first
** argument should point to an allocation of at least sz*N bytes of memory.
** SQLite will use the memory provided by the first argument to satisfy its
** memory needs for the first N pages that it adds to cache.  If additional
** page cache memory is needed beyond what is provided by this option, then
** SQLite goes to [sqlite3_malloc()] for the additional storage space.
** The implementation might use one or more of the N buffers to hold 
** memory accounting information. </dd>
**
** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP</dt>
** <dd>This option specifies a static memory buffer that SQLite will use
** for all of its dynamic memory allocation needs beyond those provided
** for by [SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH] and [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].
** There are three arguments: A pointer to the memory, the number of
** bytes in the memory buffer, and the minimum allocation size.  If

** <dd>This option takes a single argument which is a pointer to an
** instance of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure.  The
** [sqlite3_mutex_methods]
** structure is filled with the currently defined mutex routines.
** This option can be used to overload the default mutex allocation
** routines with a wrapper used to track mutex usage for performance
** profiling or testing, for example.</dd>
**
** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt>
** <dd>This option takes two arguments that determine the default
** memory allcation lookaside optimization.  The first argument is the
** size of each lookaside buffer slot and the second is the number of
** slots allocated to each database connection.</dd>
**
** </dl>
*/
#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD  1  /* nil */
#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD   2  /* nil */
#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED    3  /* nil */
#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC        4  /* sqlite3_mem_methods* */
#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC     5  /* sqlite3_mem_methods* */
#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH       6  /* void*, int sz, int N */
#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE     7  /* void*, int sz, int N */
#define SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP          8  /* void*, int nByte, int min */
#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS     9  /* boolean */
#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX        10  /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */
#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX     11  /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */
#define SQLITE_CONFIG_CHUNKALLOC   12  /* int threshold */
#define SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE    13  /* int int */

/*
** CAPI3REF: Configuration Options {H10170} <S20000>
** EXPERIMENTAL
**
** These constants are the available integer configuration options that
** can be passed as the second argument to the [sqlite3_db_config()] interface.
**
** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite.
** Existing configuration options might be discontinued.  Applications
** should check the return code from [sqlite3_db_config()] to make sure that
** the call worked.  The [sqlite3_db_config()] interface will return a
** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option
** is invoked.
**
** <dl>
** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt>
** <dd>This option takes three additional arguments that determine the 
** [lookaside memory allocator] configuration for the [database connection].
** The first argument (the third parameter to [sqlite3_db_config()] is a
** pointer to a memory buffer to use for lookaside memory.  The first
** argument may be NULL in which case SQLite will allocate the lookaside
** buffer itself using [sqlite3_malloc()].  The second argument is the
** size of each lookaside buffer slot and the third argument is the number of
** slots.  The size of the buffer in the first argument must be greater than
** or equal to the product of the second and third arguments.</dd>
**
** </dl>
*/
#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE    1001  /* void* int int */


/*
** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extended Result Codes {H12200} <S10700>
**
** The sqlite3_extended_result_codes() routine enables or disables the
** [extended result codes] feature of SQLite. The extended result
** codes are disabled by default for historical compatibility considerations.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H12201} Each new [database connection] shall have the
**          [extended result codes] feature disabled by default.
**
** {H12202} The [sqlite3_extended_result_codes(D,F)] interface shall enable
**          [extended result codes] for the  [database connection] D
**          if the F parameter is true, or disable them if F is false.
*/
SQLITE_API int sqlite3_extended_result_codes(sqlite3*, int onoff);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Last Insert Rowid {H12220} <S10700>
**
** Each entry in an SQLite table has a unique 64-bit signed
** integer key called the "rowid". The rowid is always available
** as an undeclared column named ROWID, OID, or _ROWID_ as long as those
** names are not also used by explicitly declared columns. If
** the table has a column of type INTEGER PRIMARY KEY then that column
** is another alias for the rowid.

** the return value of this interface.
**
** For the purposes of this routine, an INSERT is considered to
** be successful even if it is subsequently rolled back.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H12221} The [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()] function returns the rowid
**          of the most recent successful INSERT performed on the same
**          [database connection] and within the same or higher level
**          trigger context, or zero if there have been no qualifying inserts.
**
** {H12223} The [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()] function returns the
**          same value when called from the same trigger context
**          immediately before and after a ROLLBACK.
**
** ASSUMPTIONS:
**
** {A12232} If a separate thread performs a new INSERT on the same
**          database connection while the [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()]
**          function is running and thus changes the last insert rowid,
**          then the value returned by [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()] is
**          unpredictable and might not equal either the old or the new
**          last insert rowid.
*/
SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Count The Number Of Rows Modified {H12240} <S10600>
**
** This function returns the number of database rows that were changed
** or inserted or deleted by the most recently completed SQL statement
** on the [database connection] specified by the first parameter.
** Only changes that are directly specified by the INSERT, UPDATE,
** or DELETE statement are counted.  Auxiliary changes caused by
** triggers are not counted. Use the [sqlite3_total_changes()] function

** will not be counted by the sqlite3_changes() or [sqlite3_total_changes()]
** functions, regardless of the number of elements that were originally
** in the table.  To get an accurate count of the number of rows deleted, use
** "DELETE FROM table WHERE 1" instead.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H12241} The [sqlite3_changes()] function shall return the number of
**          row changes caused by the most recent INSERT, UPDATE,
**          or DELETE statement on the same database connection and
**          within the same or higher trigger context, or zero if there have
**          not been any qualifying row changes.
**
** {H12243} Statements of the form "DELETE FROM tablename" with no
**          WHERE clause shall cause subsequent calls to
**          [sqlite3_changes()] to return zero, regardless of the
**          number of rows originally in the table.
**
** ASSUMPTIONS:
**
** {A12252} If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
**          while [sqlite3_changes()] is running then the value returned
**          is unpredictable and not meaningful.
*/
SQLITE_API int sqlite3_changes(sqlite3*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Total Number Of Rows Modified {H12260} <S10600>
**
** This function returns the number of row changes caused by INSERT,
** UPDATE or DELETE statements since the [database connection] was opened.
** The count includes all changes from all trigger contexts.  However,
** the count does not include changes used to implement REPLACE constraints,
** do rollbacks or ABORT processing, or DROP table processing.
** The changes are counted as soon as the statement that makes them is

** in the table.  To get an accurate count of the number of rows deleted, use
** "DELETE FROM table WHERE 1" instead.
**
** See also the [sqlite3_changes()] interface.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H12261} The [sqlite3_total_changes()] returns the total number
**          of row changes caused by INSERT, UPDATE, and/or DELETE
**          statements on the same [database connection], in any
**          trigger context, since the database connection was created.
**
** {H12263} Statements of the form "DELETE FROM tablename" with no
**          WHERE clause shall not change the value returned
**          by [sqlite3_total_changes()].
**
** ASSUMPTIONS:
**
** {A12264} If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
**          while [sqlite3_total_changes()] is running then the value
**          returned is unpredictable and not meaningful.
*/
SQLITE_API int sqlite3_total_changes(sqlite3*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Interrupt A Long-Running Query {H12270} <S30500>
**
** This function causes any pending database operation to abort and
** return at its earliest opportunity. This routine is typically
** called in response to a user action such as pressing "Cancel"
** or Ctrl-C where the user wants a long query operation to halt
** immediately.
**

** will be rolled back automatically.
**
** A call to sqlite3_interrupt() has no effect on SQL statements
** that are started after sqlite3_interrupt() returns.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H12271} The [sqlite3_interrupt()] interface will force all running
**          SQL statements associated with the same database connection
**          to halt after processing at most one additional row of data.
**
** {H12272} Any SQL statement that is interrupted by [sqlite3_interrupt()]
**          will return [SQLITE_INTERRUPT].
**
** ASSUMPTIONS:
**
** {A12279} If the database connection closes while [sqlite3_interrupt()]
**          is running then bad things will likely happen.
*/
SQLITE_API void sqlite3_interrupt(sqlite3*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Is Complete {H10510} <S70200>
**
** These routines are useful for command-line input to determine if the
** currently entered text seems to form complete a SQL statement or
** if additional input is needed before sending the text into
** SQLite for parsing.  These routines return true if the input string
** appears to be a complete SQL statement.  A statement is judged to be
** complete if it ends with a semicolon token and is not a fragment of a
** CREATE TRIGGER statement.  Semicolons that are embedded within
** string literals or quoted identifier names or comments are not
** independent tokens (they are part of the token in which they are
** embedded) and thus do not count as a statement terminator.
**
** These routines do not parse the SQL statements thus
** will not detect syntactically incorrect SQL.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H10511} A successful evaluation of [sqlite3_complete()] or
**          [sqlite3_complete16()] functions shall
**          return a numeric 1 if and only if the last non-whitespace
**          token in their input is a semicolon that is not in between
**          the BEGIN and END of a CREATE TRIGGER statement.
**
** {H10512} If a memory allocation error occurs during an invocation
**          of [sqlite3_complete()] or [sqlite3_complete16()] then the
**          routine shall return [SQLITE_NOMEM].
**
** ASSUMPTIONS:
**
** {A10512} The input to [sqlite3_complete()] must be a zero-terminated
**          UTF-8 string.
**
** {A10513} The input to [sqlite3_complete16()] must be a zero-terminated
**          UTF-16 string in native byte order.
*/
SQLITE_API int sqlite3_complete(const char *sql);
SQLITE_API int sqlite3_complete16(const void *sql);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Register A Callback To Handle SQLITE_BUSY Errors {H12310} <S40400>
**
** This routine sets a callback function that might be invoked whenever
** an attempt is made to open a database table that another thread
** or process has locked.
**
** If the busy callback is NULL, then [SQLITE_BUSY] or [SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED]
** is returned immediately upon encountering the lock. If the busy callback

** There can only be a single busy handler defined for each
** [database connection].  Setting a new busy handler clears any
** previously set handler.  Note that calling [sqlite3_busy_timeout()]
** will also set or clear the busy handler.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H12311} The [sqlite3_busy_handler(D,C,A)] function shall replace
**          busy callback in the [database connection] D with a new
**          a new busy handler C and application data pointer A.
**
** {H12312} Newly created [database connections] shall have a busy
**          handler of NULL.
**
** {H12314} When two or more [database connections] share a
**          [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache | common cache],
**          the busy handler for the database connection currently using
**          the cache shall be invoked when the cache encounters a lock.
**
** {H12316} If a busy handler callback returns zero, then the SQLite interface
**          that provoked the locking event shall return [SQLITE_BUSY].
**
** {H12318} SQLite shall invokes the busy handler with two arguments which
**          are a copy of the pointer supplied by the 3rd parameter to
**          [sqlite3_busy_handler()] and a count of the number of prior
**          invocations of the busy handler for the same locking event.
**
** ASSUMPTIONS:
**
** {A12319} A busy handler must not close the database connection
**          or [prepared statement] that invoked the busy handler.
*/
SQLITE_API int sqlite3_busy_handler(sqlite3*, int(*)(void*,int), void*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Set A Busy Timeout {H12340} <S40410>
**
** This routine sets a [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy handler] that sleeps
** for a specified amount of time when a table is locked.  The handler
** will sleep multiple times until at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping
** have accumulated. {H12343} After "ms" milliseconds of sleeping,
** the handler returns 0 which causes [sqlite3_step()] to return
** [SQLITE_BUSY] or [SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED].
**
** Calling this routine with an argument less than or equal to zero
** turns off all busy handlers.
**
** There can only be a single busy handler for a particular
** [database connection] any any given moment.  If another busy handler
** was defined  (using [sqlite3_busy_handler()]) prior to calling
** this routine, that other busy handler is cleared.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H12341} The [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] function shall override any prior
**          [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] or [sqlite3_busy_handler()] setting
**          on the same [database connection].
**
** {H12343} If the 2nd parameter to [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] is less than
**          or equal to zero, then the busy handler shall be cleared so that
**          all subsequent locking events immediately return [SQLITE_BUSY].
**
** {H12344} If the 2nd parameter to [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] is a positive
**          number N, then a busy handler shall be set that repeatedly calls
**          the xSleep() method in the [sqlite3_vfs | VFS interface] until
**          either the lock clears or until the cumulative sleep time
**          reported back by xSleep() exceeds N milliseconds.
*/
SQLITE_API int sqlite3_busy_timeout(sqlite3*, int ms);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Convenience Routines For Running Queries {H12370} <S10000>
**
** Definition: A <b>result table</b> is memory data structure created by the
** [sqlite3_get_table()] interface.  A result table records the
** complete query results from one or more queries.
**
** The table conceptually has a number of rows and columns.  But
** these numbers are not part of the result table itself.  These

** to any internal data structures of SQLite.  It uses only the public
** interface defined here.  As a consequence, errors that occur in the
** wrapper layer outside of the internal [sqlite3_exec()] call are not
** reflected in subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode()] or [sqlite3_errmsg()].
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H12371} If a [sqlite3_get_table()] fails a memory allocation, then
**          it shall free the result table under construction, abort the
**          query in process, skip any subsequent queries, set the
**          *pazResult output pointer to NULL and return [SQLITE_NOMEM].
**
** {H12373} If the pnColumn parameter to [sqlite3_get_table()] is not NULL
**          then a successful invocation of [sqlite3_get_table()] shall
**          write the number of columns in the
**          result set of the query into *pnColumn.
**
** {H12374} If the pnRow parameter to [sqlite3_get_table()] is not NULL
**          then a successful invocation of [sqlite3_get_table()] shall
**          writes the number of rows in the
**          result set of the query into *pnRow.
**
** {H12376} A successful invocation of [sqlite3_get_table()] that computes
**          N rows of result with C columns per row shall make *pazResult
**          point to an array of pointers to (N+1)*C strings where the first
**          C strings are column names as obtained from
**          [sqlite3_column_name()] and the rest are column result values
**          obtained from [sqlite3_column_text()].
**
** {H12379} The values in the pazResult array returned by [sqlite3_get_table()]
**          shall remain valid until cleared by [sqlite3_free_table()].
**
** {H12382} When an error occurs during evaluation of [sqlite3_get_table()]
**          the function shall set *pazResult to NULL, write an error message
**          into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()], make
**          **pzErrmsg point to that error message, and return a
**          appropriate [error code].
*/
SQLITE_API int sqlite3_get_table(
  sqlite3 *db,          /* An open database */
  const char *zSql,     /* SQL to be evaluated */
  char ***pazResult,    /* Results of the query */
  int *pnRow,           /* Number of result rows written here */
  int *pnColumn,        /* Number of result columns written here */
  char **pzErrmsg       /* Error msg written here */
);
SQLITE_API void sqlite3_free_table(char **result);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Formatted String Printing Functions {H17400} <S70000><S20000>
**
** These routines are workalikes of the "printf()" family of functions
** from the standard C library.
**
** The sqlite3_mprintf() and sqlite3_vmprintf() routines write their
** results into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()].
** The strings returned by these two routines should be

**
** The "%z" formatting option works exactly like "%s" with the
** addition that after the string has been read and copied into
** the result, [sqlite3_free()] is called on the input string. {END}
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H17403}  The [sqlite3_mprintf()] and [sqlite3_vmprintf()] interfaces
**           return either pointers to zero-terminated UTF-8 strings held in
**           memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()] or NULL pointers if
**           a call to [sqlite3_malloc()] fails.
**
** {H17406}  The [sqlite3_snprintf()] interface writes a zero-terminated
**           UTF-8 string into the buffer pointed to by the second parameter
**           provided that the first parameter is greater than zero.
**
** {H17407}  The [sqlite3_snprintf()] interface does not write slots of
**           its output buffer (the second parameter) outside the range
**           of 0 through N-1 (where N is the first parameter)
**           regardless of the length of the string
**           requested by the format specification.
*/
SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_mprintf(const char*,...);
SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_vmprintf(const char*, va_list);
SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_snprintf(int,char*,const char*, ...);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Subsystem {H17300} <S20000>
**
** The SQLite core  uses these three routines for all of its own
** internal memory allocation needs. "Core" in the previous sentence
** does not include operating-system specific VFS implementation.  The
** Windows VFS uses native malloc() and free() for some operations.
**
** The sqlite3_malloc() routine returns a pointer to a block

** is not freed.
**
** The memory returned by sqlite3_malloc() and sqlite3_realloc()
** is always aligned to at least an 8 byte boundary. {END}
**
** The default implementation of the memory allocation subsystem uses
** the malloc(), realloc() and free() provided by the standard C library.
** {H17382} However, if SQLite is compiled with the
** SQLITE_MEMORY_SIZE=<i>NNN</i> C preprocessor macro (where <i>NNN</i>
** is an integer), then SQLite create a static array of at least
** <i>NNN</i> bytes in size and uses that array for all of its dynamic
** memory allocation needs. {END}  Additional memory allocator options
** may be added in future releases.
**
** In SQLite version 3.5.0 and 3.5.1, it was possible to define

** and whatever filename encoding is used by the particular Windows
** installation.  Memory allocation errors are detected, but
** they are reported back as [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] or
** [SQLITE_IOERR] rather than [SQLITE_NOMEM].
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H17303}  The [sqlite3_malloc(N)] interface returns either a pointer to
**           a newly checked-out block of at least N bytes of memory
**           that is 8-byte aligned, or it returns NULL if it is unable
**           to fulfill the request.
**
** {H17304}  The [sqlite3_malloc(N)] interface returns a NULL pointer if
**           N is less than or equal to zero.
**
** {H17305}  The [sqlite3_free(P)] interface releases memory previously
**           returned from [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()],
**           making it available for reuse.
**
** {H17306}  A call to [sqlite3_free(NULL)] is a harmless no-op.
**
** {H17310}  A call to [sqlite3_realloc(0,N)] is equivalent to a call
**           to [sqlite3_malloc(N)].
**
** {H17312}  A call to [sqlite3_realloc(P,0)] is equivalent to a call
**           to [sqlite3_free(P)].
**
** {H17315}  The SQLite core uses [sqlite3_malloc()], [sqlite3_realloc()],
**           and [sqlite3_free()] for all of its memory allocation and
**           deallocation needs.
**
** {H17318}  The [sqlite3_realloc(P,N)] interface returns either a pointer
**           to a block of checked-out memory of at least N bytes in size
**           that is 8-byte aligned, or a NULL pointer.
**
** {H17321}  When [sqlite3_realloc(P,N)] returns a non-NULL pointer, it first
**           copies the first K bytes of content from P into the newly
**           allocated block, where K is the lesser of N and the size of
**           the buffer P.
**
** {H17322}  When [sqlite3_realloc(P,N)] returns a non-NULL pointer, it first
**           releases the buffer P.
**
** {H17323}  When [sqlite3_realloc(P,N)] returns NULL, the buffer P is
**           not modified or released.
**
** ASSUMPTIONS:
**
** {A17350}  The pointer arguments to [sqlite3_free()] and [sqlite3_realloc()]
**           must be either NULL or else pointers obtained from a prior
**           invocation of [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] that have
**           not yet been released.
**
** {A17351}  The application must not read or write any part of
**           a block of memory after it has been released using
**           [sqlite3_free()] or [sqlite3_realloc()].
*/
SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_malloc(int);
SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_realloc(void*, int);
SQLITE_API void sqlite3_free(void*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocator Statistics {H17370} <S30210>
**
** SQLite provides these two interfaces for reporting on the status
** of the [sqlite3_malloc()], [sqlite3_free()], and [sqlite3_realloc()]
** routines, which form the built-in memory allocation subsystem.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H17371} The [sqlite3_memory_used()] routine returns the number of bytes
**          of memory currently outstanding (malloced but not freed).
**
** {H17373} The [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] routine returns the maximum
**          value of [sqlite3_memory_used()] since the high-water mark
**          was last reset.
**
** {H17374} The values returned by [sqlite3_memory_used()] and
**          [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] include any overhead
**          added by SQLite in its implementation of [sqlite3_malloc()],
**          but not overhead added by the any underlying system library
**          routines that [sqlite3_malloc()] may call.
**
** {H17375} The memory high-water mark is reset to the current value of
**          [sqlite3_memory_used()] if and only if the parameter to
**          [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] is true.  The value returned
**          by [sqlite3_memory_highwater(1)] is the high-water mark
**          prior to the reset.
*/
SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_used(void);
SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_highwater(int resetFlag);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Pseudo-Random Number Generator {H17390} <S20000>
**
** SQLite contains a high-quality pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) used to
** select random ROWIDs when inserting new records into a table that
** already uses the largest possible ROWID.  The PRNG is also used for
** the build-in random() and randomblob() SQL functions.  This interface allows
** applications to access the same PRNG for other purposes.
**
** A call to this routine stores N bytes of randomness into buffer P.
**
** The first time this routine is invoked (either internally or by
** the application) the PRNG is seeded using randomness obtained
** from the xRandomness method of the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.
** On all subsequent invocations, the pseudo-randomness is generated
** internally and without recourse to the [sqlite3_vfs] xRandomness
** method.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H17392} The [sqlite3_randomness(N,P)] interface writes N bytes of
**          high-quality pseudo-randomness into buffer P.
*/
SQLITE_API void sqlite3_randomness(int N, void *P);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Authorization Callbacks {H12500} <S70100>
**
** This routine registers a authorizer callback with a particular
** [database connection], supplied in the first argument.
** The authorizer callback is invoked as SQL statements are being compiled
** by [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants [sqlite3_prepare_v2()],
** [sqlite3_prepare16()] and [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].  At various
** points during the compilation process, as logic is being created

**
** Note that the authorizer callback is invoked only during
** [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants.  Authorization is not
** performed during statement evaluation in [sqlite3_step()].
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H12501} The [sqlite3_set_authorizer(D,...)] interface registers a
**          authorizer callback with database connection D.
**
** {H12502} The authorizer callback is invoked as SQL statements are
**          being compiled.
**
** {H12503} If the authorizer callback returns any value other than
**          [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_OK], or [SQLITE_DENY], then
**          the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that caused
**          the authorizer callback to run shall fail with an
**          [SQLITE_ERROR] error code and an appropriate error message.
**
** {H12504} When the authorizer callback returns [SQLITE_OK], the operation
**          described is processed normally.
**
** {H12505} When the authorizer callback returns [SQLITE_DENY], the
**          [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that caused the
**          authorizer callback to run shall fail
**          with an [SQLITE_ERROR] error code and an error message
**          explaining that access is denied.
**
** {H12506} If the authorizer code (the 2nd parameter to the authorizer
**          callback) is [SQLITE_READ] and the authorizer callback returns
**          [SQLITE_IGNORE], then the prepared statement is constructed to
**          insert a NULL value in place of the table column that would have
**          been read if [SQLITE_OK] had been returned.
**
** {H12507} If the authorizer code (the 2nd parameter to the authorizer
**          callback) is anything other than [SQLITE_READ], then
**          a return of [SQLITE_IGNORE] has the same effect as [SQLITE_DENY].
**
** {H12510} The first parameter to the authorizer callback is a copy of
**          the third parameter to the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] interface.
**
** {H12511} The second parameter to the callback is an integer
**          [SQLITE_COPY | action code] that specifies the particular action
**          to be authorized.
**
** {H12512} The third through sixth parameters to the callback are
**          zero-terminated strings that contain
**          additional details about the action to be authorized.
**
** {H12520} Each call to [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] overrides
**          any previously installed authorizer.
**
** {H12521} A NULL authorizer means that no authorization
**          callback is invoked.
**
** {H12522} The default authorizer is NULL.
*/
SQLITE_API int sqlite3_set_authorizer(
  sqlite3*,
  int (*xAuth)(void*,int,const char*,const char*,const char*,const char*),
  void *pUserData
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Return Codes {H12590} <H12500>
**
** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer callback function] must
** return either [SQLITE_OK] or one of these two constants in order
** to signal SQLite whether or not the action is permitted.  See the
** [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer documentation] for additional
** information.
*/
#define SQLITE_DENY   1   /* Abort the SQL statement with an error */
#define SQLITE_IGNORE 2   /* Don't allow access, but don't generate an error */

/*
** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Action Codes {H12550} <H12500>
**
** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] interface registers a callback function
** that is invoked to authorize certain SQL statement actions.  The
** second parameter to the callback is an integer code that specifies
** what action is being authorized.  These are the integer action codes that
** the authorizer callback may be passed.
**
** These action code values signify what kind of operation is to be
** authorized.  The 3rd and 4th parameters to the authorization
** callback function will be parameters or NULL depending on which of these
** codes is used as the second parameter.  The 5th parameter to the
** authorizer callback is the name of the database ("main", "temp",
** etc.) if applicable.  The 6th parameter to the authorizer callback
** is the name of the inner-most trigger or view that is responsible for
** the access attempt or NULL if this access attempt is directly from
** top-level SQL code.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H12551} The second parameter to an
**          [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer callback] is always an integer
**          [SQLITE_COPY | authorizer code] that specifies what action
**          is being authorized.
**
** {H12552} The 3rd and 4th parameters to the
**          [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorization callback]
**          will be parameters or NULL depending on which
**          [SQLITE_COPY | authorizer code] is used as the second parameter.
**
** {H12553} The 5th parameter to the
**          [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer callback] is the name
**          of the database (example: "main", "temp", etc.) if applicable.
**
** {H12554} The 6th parameter to the
**          [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer callback] is the name
**          of the inner-most trigger or view that is responsible for
**          the access attempt or NULL if this access attempt is directly from
**          top-level SQL code.
*/
/******************************************* 3rd ************ 4th ***********/
#define SQLITE_CREATE_INDEX          1   /* Index Name      Table Name      */

#define SQLITE_ANALYZE              28   /* Table Name      NULL            */
#define SQLITE_CREATE_VTABLE        29   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
#define SQLITE_DROP_VTABLE          30   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
#define SQLITE_FUNCTION             31   /* Function Name   NULL            */
#define SQLITE_COPY                  0   /* No longer used */

/*
** CAPI3REF: Tracing And Profiling Functions {H12280} <S60400>
** EXPERIMENTAL
**
** These routines register callback functions that can be used for
** tracing and profiling the execution of SQL statements.
**
** The callback function registered by sqlite3_trace() is invoked at
** various times when an SQL statement is being run by [sqlite3_step()].
** The callback returns a UTF-8 rendering of the SQL statement text
** as the statement first begins executing.  Additional callbacks occur
** as each triggered subprogram is entered.  The callbacks for triggers
** contain a UTF-8 SQL comment that identifies the trigger.
**
** The callback function registered by sqlite3_profile() is invoked
** as each SQL statement finishes.  The profile callback contains
** the original statement text and an estimate of wall-clock time
** of how long that statement took to run.
**








** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H12281} The callback function registered by [sqlite3_trace()] is
**          whenever an SQL statement first begins to execute and
**          whenever a trigger subprogram first begins to run.
**
** {H12282} Each call to [sqlite3_trace()] overrides the previously
**          registered trace callback.
**
** {H12283} A NULL trace callback disables tracing.
**
** {H12284} The first argument to the trace callback is a copy of
**          the pointer which was the 3rd argument to [sqlite3_trace()].
**
** {H12285} The second argument to the trace callback is a
**          zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the original text
**          of the SQL statement as it was passed into [sqlite3_prepare_v2()]
**          or the equivalent, or an SQL comment indicating the beginning
**          of a trigger subprogram.
**
** {H12287} The callback function registered by [sqlite3_profile()] is invoked
**          as each SQL statement finishes.
**
** {H12288} The first parameter to the profile callback is a copy of
**          the 3rd parameter to [sqlite3_profile()].
**
** {H12289} The second parameter to the profile callback is a
**          zero-terminated UTF-8 string that contains the complete text of
**          the SQL statement as it was processed by [sqlite3_prepare_v2()]
**          or the equivalent.
**
** {H12290} The third parameter to the profile callback is an estimate
**          of the number of nanoseconds of wall-clock time required to
**          run the SQL statement from start to finish.
*/
SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_trace(sqlite3*, void(*xTrace)(void*,const char*), void*);
SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_profile(sqlite3*,
   void(*xProfile)(void*,const char*,sqlite3_uint64), void*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Query Progress Callbacks {H12910} <S60400>
**
** This routine configures a callback function - the
** progress callback - that is invoked periodically during long
** running calls to [sqlite3_exec()], [sqlite3_step()] and
** [sqlite3_get_table()].  An example use for this
** interface is to keep a GUI updated during a large query.
**
** If the progress callback returns non-zero, the operation is
** interrupted.  This feature can be used to implement a
** "Cancel" button on a GUI dialog box.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H12911} The callback function registered by sqlite3_progress_handler()
**          is invoked periodically during long running calls to
**          [sqlite3_step()].
**
** {H12912} The progress callback is invoked once for every N virtual
**          machine opcodes, where N is the second argument to
**          the [sqlite3_progress_handler()] call that registered
**          the callback.  If N is less than 1, sqlite3_progress_handler()
**          acts as if a NULL progress handler had been specified.
**
** {H12913} The progress callback itself is identified by the third
**          argument to sqlite3_progress_handler().
**
** {H12914} The fourth argument to sqlite3_progress_handler() is a
**          void pointer passed to the progress callback
**          function each time it is invoked.
**
** {H12915} If a call to [sqlite3_step()] results in fewer than N opcodes
**          being executed, then the progress callback is never invoked.
**
** {H12916} Every call to [sqlite3_progress_handler()]
**          overwrites any previously registered progress handler.
**
** {H12917} If the progress handler callback is NULL then no progress
**          handler is invoked.
**
** {H12918} If the progress callback returns a result other than 0, then
**          the behavior is a if [sqlite3_interrupt()] had been called.
**          <S30500>
*/
SQLITE_API void sqlite3_progress_handler(sqlite3*, int, int(*)(void*), void*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Opening A New Database Connection {H12700} <S40200>
**
** These routines open an SQLite database file whose name is given by the
** filename argument. The filename argument is interpreted as UTF-8 for
** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() and as UTF-16 in the native byte
** order for sqlite3_open16(). A [database connection] handle is usually
** returned in *ppDb, even if an error occurs.  The only exception is that
** if SQLite is unable to allocate memory to hold the [sqlite3] object,

** of sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() must be UTF-8, not whatever
** codepage is currently defined.  Filenames containing international
** characters must be converted to UTF-8 prior to passing them into
** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H12701} The [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], and
**          [sqlite3_open_v2()] interfaces create a new
**          [database connection] associated with
**          the database file given in their first parameter.
**
** {H12702} The filename argument is interpreted as UTF-8
**          for [sqlite3_open()] and [sqlite3_open_v2()] and as UTF-16
**          in the native byte order for [sqlite3_open16()].
**
** {H12703} A successful invocation of [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()],
**          or [sqlite3_open_v2()] writes a pointer to a new
**          [database connection] into *ppDb.
**
** {H12704} The [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], and
**          [sqlite3_open_v2()] interfaces return [SQLITE_OK] upon success,
**          or an appropriate [error code] on failure.
**
** {H12706} The default text encoding for a new database created using
**          [sqlite3_open()] or [sqlite3_open_v2()] will be UTF-8.
**
** {H12707} The default text encoding for a new database created using
**          [sqlite3_open16()] will be UTF-16.
**
** {H12709} The [sqlite3_open(F,D)] interface is equivalent to
**          [sqlite3_open_v2(F,D,G,0)] where the G parameter is
**          [SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE]|[SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE].
**
** {H12711} If the G parameter to [sqlite3_open_v2(F,D,G,V)] contains the
**          bit value [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY] then the database is opened
**          for reading only.
**
** {H12712} If the G parameter to [sqlite3_open_v2(F,D,G,V)] contains the
**          bit value [SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] then the database is opened
**          reading and writing if possible, or for reading only if the
**          file is write protected by the operating system.
**
** {H12713} If the G parameter to [sqlite3_open(v2(F,D,G,V)] omits the
**          bit value [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE] and the database does not
**          previously exist, an error is returned.
**
** {H12714} If the G parameter to [sqlite3_open(v2(F,D,G,V)] contains the
**          bit value [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE] and the database does not
**          previously exist, then an attempt is made to create and
**          initialize the database.
**
** {H12717} If the filename argument to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()],
**          or [sqlite3_open_v2()] is ":memory:", then an private,
**          ephemeral, in-memory database is created for the connection.
**          <todo>Is SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE|SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE required
**          in sqlite3_open_v2()?</todo>
**
** {H12719} If the filename is NULL or an empty string, then a private,
**          ephemeral on-disk database will be created.
**          <todo>Is SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE|SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE required
**          in sqlite3_open_v2()?</todo>
**
** {H12721} The [database connection] created by [sqlite3_open_v2(F,D,G,V)]
**          will use the [sqlite3_vfs] object identified by the V parameter,
**          or the default [sqlite3_vfs] object if V is a NULL pointer.
**
** {H12723} Two [database connections] will share a common cache if both were
**          opened with the same VFS while [shared cache mode] was enabled and
**          if both filenames compare equal using memcmp() after having been
**          processed by the [sqlite3_vfs | xFullPathname] method of the VFS.
*/
SQLITE_API int sqlite3_open(
  const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
  sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
);
SQLITE_API int sqlite3_open16(
  const void *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-16) */
  sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
);
SQLITE_API int sqlite3_open_v2(
  const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
  sqlite3 **ppDb,         /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
  int flags,              /* Flags */
  const char *zVfs        /* Name of VFS module to use */
);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Error Codes And Messages {H12800} <S60200>
**
** The sqlite3_errcode() interface returns the numeric [result code] or
** [extended result code] for the most recent failed sqlite3_* API call
** associated with a [database connection]. If a prior API call failed
** but the most recent API call succeeded, the return value from
** sqlite3_errcode() is undefined.
**
** The sqlite3_errmsg() and sqlite3_errmsg16() return English-language
** text that describes the error, as either UTF-8 or UTF-16 respectively.
** Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally.
** The application does not need to worry about freeing the result.
** However, the error string might be overwritten or deallocated by
** subsequent calls to other SQLite interface functions.
**
** If an interface fails with SQLITE_MISUSE, that means the interface
** was invoked incorrectly by the application.  In that case, the
** error code and message may or may not be set.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H12801} The [sqlite3_errcode(D)] interface returns the numeric
**          [result code] or [extended result code] for the most recently
**          failed interface call associated with the [database connection] D.
**
** {H12803} The [sqlite3_errmsg(D)] and [sqlite3_errmsg16(D)]
**          interfaces return English-language text that describes
**          the error in the mostly recently failed interface call,
**          encoded as either UTF-8 or UTF-16 respectively.
**
** {H12807} The strings returned by [sqlite3_errmsg()] and [sqlite3_errmsg16()]
**          are valid until the next SQLite interface call.
**
** {H12808} Calls to API routines that do not return an error code
**          (example: [sqlite3_data_count()]) do not
**          change the error code or message returned by
**          [sqlite3_errcode()], [sqlite3_errmsg()], or [sqlite3_errmsg16()].
**
** {H12809} Interfaces that are not associated with a specific
**          [database connection] (examples:
**          [sqlite3_mprintf()] or [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache()]
**          do not change the values returned by
**          [sqlite3_errcode()], [sqlite3_errmsg()], or [sqlite3_errmsg16()].
*/
SQLITE_API int sqlite3_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_errmsg(sqlite3*);
SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_errmsg16(sqlite3*);

/*
** CAPI3REF: SQL Statement Object {H13000} <H13010>
** KEYWORDS: {prepared statement} {prepared statements}
**
** An instance of this object represents a single SQL statement.
** This object is variously known as a "prepared statement" or a
** "compiled SQL statement" or simply as a "statement".
**
** The life of a statement object goes something like this:

**
** Refer to documentation on individual methods above for additional
** information.
*/
typedef struct sqlite3_stmt sqlite3_stmt;

/*
** CAPI3REF: Run-time Limits {H12760} <S20600>
**
** This interface allows the size of various constructs to be limited
** on a connection by connection basis.  The first parameter is the
** [database connection] whose limit is to be set or queried.  The
** second parameter is one of the [limit categories] that define a
** class of constructs to be size limited.  The third parameter is the
** new limit for that construct.  The function returns the old limit.

** created by an untrusted script can be contained using the
** [max_page_count] [PRAGMA].
**
** New run-time limit categories may be added in future releases.
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H12762} A successful call to [sqlite3_limit(D,C,V)] where V is
**          positive changes the limit on the size of construct C in the
**          [database connection] D to the lesser of V and the hard upper
**          bound on the size of C that is set at compile-time.
**
** {H12766} A successful call to [sqlite3_limit(D,C,V)] where V is negative
**          leaves the state of the [database connection] D unchanged.
**
** {H12769} A successful call to [sqlite3_limit(D,C,V)] returns the
**          value of the limit on the size of construct C in the
**          [database connection] D as it was prior to the call.
*/
SQLITE_API int sqlite3_limit(sqlite3*, int id, int newVal);

/*
** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Limit Categories {H12790} <H12760>
** KEYWORDS: {limit category} {limit categories}
**
** These constants define various aspects of a [database connection]
** that can be limited in size by calls to [sqlite3_limit()].
** The meanings of the various limits are as follows:
**
** <dl>

#define SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP                   5
#define SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG              6
#define SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED                  7
#define SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH       8
#define SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER           9

/*
** CAPI3REF: Compiling An SQL Statement {H13010} <S10000>
** KEYWORDS: {SQL statement compiler}
**
** To execute an SQL query, it must first be compiled into a byte-code
** program using one of these routines.
**
** The first argument, "db", is a [database connection] obtained from a
** prior call to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()] or [sqlite3_open16()].

** to find the underlying cause of the problem. With the "v2" prepare
** interfaces, the underlying reason for the error is returned immediately.
** </li>
** </ol>
**
** INVARIANTS:
**
** {H13011} The [sqlite3_prepare(db,zSql,...)] and
**          [sqlite3_prepare_v2(db,zSql,...)] interfaces interpret the
**          text in their zSql parameter as UTF-8.
**
** {H13012} The [sqlite3_prepare16(db,zSql,...)] and
**          [sqlite3_prepare16_v2(db,zSql,...)] interfaces interpret the
**          text in their zSql parameter as UTF-16 in the native byte order.
**
** {H13013} If the nByte argument to [sqlite3_prepare_v2(db,zSql,nByte,...)]
**          and its variants is less than zero, the SQL text is
**          read from zSql is read up to the first zero terminator.
**
** {H13014} If the nByte argument to [sqlite3_prepare_v2(db,zSql,nByte,...)]
**          and its variants is non-negative, then at most nBytes bytes of
**          SQL text is read from zSql.
**
** {H13015} In [sqlite3_prepare_v2(db,zSql,N,P,pzTail)] and its variants
**          if the zSql input text contains more than one SQL statement
**          and pzTail is not NULL, then *pzTail is made to point to the
**          first byte past the end of the first SQL statement in zSql.
**          <todo>What does *pzTail point to if there is one statement?</todo>
**
** {H13016} A successful call to [sqlite3_prepare_v2(db,zSql,N,ppStmt,...)]
**          or one of its variants writes into *ppStmt a pointer to a new
**          [prepared statement] or a pointer to NULL if zSql contains
**          nothing other than whitespace or comments.
**
** {H13019} The [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] interface and its variants return
**          [SQLITE_OK] or an appropriate [error code] upon failure.
**
** {H13021} Before [sqlite3_prepare(db,zSql,nByte,ppStmt,pzTail)] or its
**          variants returns an error (any value other than [SQLITE_OK]),
**          they first set *ppStmt to NULL.
*/
SQLITE_API int sqlite3_prepare(
  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
  const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */