I stepped on this problem when I was trying to combine sqlite with Entity Framework 4.1.

I always got this error: "The provider did not return a ProviderManifest instance."

After some debugging, i could locate the problem

    internal static XmlReader GetProviderManifest()
    {
      return GetXmlResource("System.Data.SQLite.Resources.SQLiteProviderServices.ProviderManifest.xml");
    }

    internal static XmlReader GetXmlResource(string resourceName)
    {
      Assembly executingAssembly = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly();
      Stream stream = executingAssembly.GetManifestResourceStream(resourceName);
      return XmlReader.Create(stream);
    }

the correct syntax for the string should be {namespace}.{directory}.{filename}
But when you look in the Project Properties, you will see that the default namespace is System.Data.SQLite.Linq and not System.Data.SQLite.

So i changed the default namespace to System.Data.SQLite because all the files are starting with that namespace.
Or you could change the string in the function.
    internal static XmlReader GetProviderManifest()
    {
      return GetXmlResource("System.Data.SQLite.Linq.Resources.SQLiteProviderServices.ProviderManifest.xml");
    }

<hr /><i>shane added on 2011-05-27 01:13:47 UTC:</i><br />
Duplicate of [133daf50d6].